创建矩阵和数组
此示例说明使用 MATLAB 创建数组和矩阵的基本方法。矩阵和数组是 MATLAB 中表示信息和数据的基本方式。
要创建每行包含多个元素的数组,请使用逗号“,”或空格分隔各元素。这种类型的数组称为行向量。
disp('Create an array with four elements in a single row:') disp('>> a = [1 2 3 4]') a = [1 2 3 4]
Create an array with four elements in a single row: >> a = [1 2 3 4] a = 1 2 3 4
要创建每列包含多个元素的数组,请用分号“;”分隔这些元素。这种类型的数组称为列向量。
disp('Create an array with four elements in a single column:') disp('>> a = [1; 2; 3; 4]') a = [1; 2; 3; 4]
Create an array with four elements in a single column: >> a = [1; 2; 3; 4] a = 1 2 3 4
要创建包含多行的矩阵,请使用分号分隔各行。
disp('Create a matrix with three rows and three columns:') disp('>> a = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9]') a = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9]
Create a matrix with three rows and three columns: >> a = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9] a = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
要创建等间距的数组,请使用“:”运算符指定起点和终点。
disp('Create an array that starts at 1, ends at 9, with each element separated by 2:') disp('>> x = 1:2:9') x = 1:2:9
Create an array that starts at 1, ends at 9, with each element separated by 2: >> x = 1:2:9 x = 1 3 5 7 9
创建矩阵的另一种方法是使用函数,如 ones、zeros 或 rand。
disp('Create a 1-by-5 matrix of 0''s:') disp('>> z = zeros(1, 5)') z = zeros(1, 5)
Create a 1-by-5 matrix of 0's: >> z = zeros(1, 5) z = 0 0 0 0 0