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创建矩阵和数组

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此示例说明使用 MATLAB 创建数组和矩阵的基本方法。矩阵和数组是 MATLAB 中表示信息和数据的基本方式。

要创建每行包含多个元素的数组，请使用逗号“,”或空格分隔各元素。这种类型的数组称为行向量。

disp('Create an array with four elements in a single row:')
disp('>> a = [1 2 3 4]')
a = [1 2 3 4]

Create an array with four elements in a single row:
>> a = [1 2 3 4]

a =

     1     2     3     4

要创建每列包含多个元素的数组，请用分号“;”分隔这些元素。这种类型的数组称为列向量。

disp('Create an array with four elements in a single column:')
disp('>> a = [1; 2; 3; 4]')
a = [1; 2; 3; 4]

Create an array with four elements in a single column:
>> a = [1; 2; 3; 4]

a =

     1
     2
     3
     4

要创建包含多行的矩阵，请使用分号分隔各行。

disp('Create a matrix with three rows and three columns:')
disp('>> a = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9]')
a = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9]

Create a matrix with three rows and three columns:
>> a = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9]

a =

     1     2     3
     4     5     6
     7     8     9

要创建等间距的数组，请使用“:”运算符指定起点和终点。

disp('Create an array that starts at 1, ends at 9, with each element separated by 2:')
disp('>> x = 1:2:9')
x = 1:2:9

Create an array that starts at 1, ends at 9, with each element separated by 2:
>> x = 1:2:9

x =

     1     3     5     7     9

创建矩阵的另一种方法是使用函数，如 ones、zeros 或 rand。

disp('Create a 1-by-5 matrix of 0''s:')
disp('>> z = zeros(1, 5)')
z = zeros(1, 5)

Create a 1-by-5 matrix of 0's:
>> z = zeros(1, 5)

z =

     0     0     0     0     0