Variations of Open and Short Stub Filters

This example shows how to analyze the open and short stub filters using RF PCB Toolbox.

The stub filters find uses in many applications in RF and Microwave. You can place the stubs in multiple combinations to get the desired response from the filters. You can open-circuit or short-circuit the stubs and they can be oriented in any direction. The figure is a schematic of the filterStub with property definitions.

In this example, you use a filterStub object to generate the different variations of open and short stubs. The reference [1] lists out three types of open stub filters namely Type1, Type2 and Type3. These filters are listed below.

Filter with Single Open Stub - Type 1

Use filterStub object to create the stub filter and visualize its properties. The properties PortLineLength and PortLineWidth define the length and width of the port lines. The SeriesLineWidth and SeriesLineLength define the length and width of the series lines.

filt = filterStub

filt = 
  filterStub with properties:

      PortLineLength: 0.0150
       PortLineWidth: 9.0000e-04
    SeriesLineLength: 0.0080
     SeriesLineWidth: 9.0000e-04
          StubLength: [0.0083 0.0083]
           StubWidth: [9.0000e-04 9.0000e-04]
         StubOffsetX: [-0.0090 0.0090]
       StubDirection: [1 0]
           StubShort: [0 0]
              Height: 0.0016
    GroundPlaneWidth: 0.0200
           Substrate: [1x1 dielectric]
           Conductor: [1x1 metal]
          IsShielded: 0

The properties which control the stubs are StubLength, StubWidth, StubOffsetX, StubDirection, and StubShort. All these properties are vectors and can be used to create any number of stubs.

filt.StubLength = 0.0083;
filt.StubWidth = 0.0009;
filt.StubOffsetX = 0;
filt.StubDirection = 1;
filt.StubShort = 0;
d = dielectric('EpsilonR',6.15);
filt.Substrate = d;
filt.Height = 0.635e-3;
figure,show(filt);

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title filterStub element, xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 6 objects of type patch, surface. These objects represent PEC, feed, Air.

Filter with two Open Stub - Type 2

In this variation, create two open circuited stubs by defining additional properties for the second stub.

filt.StubLength = [0.0083 0.0083];
filt.StubWidth = [0.0009 0.0009];
filt.StubOffsetX = [-0.004 0.004];
filt.StubDirection = [1 1];
filt.StubShort = [0 0];
d = dielectric('EpsilonR',6.15);
filt.Substrate = d;
filt.Height = 0.635e-3;
figure,show(filt);

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title filterStub element, xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 6 objects of type patch, surface. These objects represent PEC, feed, Air.

Filter with four Open Stub - Type 3

In this variation, create four open circuited stubs with different widths. The two stubs are placed on one side and other two on the opposite side. You can achieve this by changing the StubDirection property and assigning 1 for two stubs and 0 for the other two stubs.

filt.StubLength = [0.0083 0.0083 0.004 0.004];
filt.StubWidth = [0.0009 0.0009 0.002 0.002];
filt.StubOffsetX = [-0.004 0.004 -0.004 0.004];
filt.StubDirection = [1 1 0 0];
filt.StubShort = [0 0 0 0];
d = dielectric('EpsilonR',6.15);
filt.Substrate = d;
filt.Height = 0.635e-3;
figure,show(filt);

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title filterStub element, xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 6 objects of type patch, surface. These objects represent PEC, feed, Air.

Filter with Six Shorted Stubs

This variation of filter shows how to create a short-circuited stub. The StubShort property defines the stub as open or short. For this use case, you need to set this property as 1 for all the stubs.

filt.StubLength = [0.0083 0.0083 0.0063 0.0063 0.0083 0.0083];
filt.StubWidth = [0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009];
filt.StubOffsetX = [-0.008 0.008 0 0 -0.008 0.008];
filt.StubDirection = [1 1 1 0 0 0];
filt.StubShort = [1 1 1 1 1 1];
d = dielectric('EpsilonR',6.15);
filt.Substrate = d;
filt.Height = 0.635e-3;
figure,show(filt);

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title filterStub element, xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 12 objects of type patch, surface. These objects represent PEC, feed, Air.

Use the Current method to plot the current distribution of the filter and excite both the ports using the voltagePort object. Set the FeedVoltage property as 1 to excite both the ports.

v = voltagePort(2);
v.FeedVoltage = [1 1];
figure;
current(filt,1e9,'scale','log10','Excitation',v);

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title Current distribution (log10), xlabel x (m), ylabel y (m) contains 10 objects of type patch.

Filter with Different Series Line Width

In this structure, use the SeriesLineWidth to control the width of the series line. The stubs are in the same direction but have different width.

filt.PortLineLength = 0.015;
filt.PortLineWidth  = 0.005;
filt.SeriesLineLength = [0.0200 0.0284 0.0284 0.0201];
filt.SeriesLineWidth = [0.0040 0.0021 0.0021 0.0040];
filt.StubLength = [0.0284 0.0284 0.0284 0.0284 0.0284];
filt.StubWidth = [7.9945e-04 0.0135 0.0172 0.0135 7.9945e-04];
filt.StubOffsetX =  [-0.0484 -0.0284 0 0.0284 0.0484];
filt.StubDirection = [0 0 0 0 0];
filt.StubShort = [0 0 0 0 0];
filt.GroundPlaneWidth = 80e-3;
figure,show(filt);

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title filterStub element, xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 6 objects of type patch, surface. These objects represent PEC, feed, Air.

References

Santasri Koley, Lakhindar Murmu, and Biswajit Pal, A Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna for WLAN and WiMAX Systems