使用 Arduino 上的 TalkBack 控制灯光
此示例显示如何从 ThingSpeak™ TalkBack 队列中获取命令并使用它们来改变板载 LED 的状态。
当您的应用程序涉及仅当队列中有命令时才想要运行的计算机时,请使用 TalkBack。

在此示例中,您将 TURN_ON 或 TURN_OFF 写入 TalkBack 队列,设备会更改板载 LED 的状态以匹配命令。使用 ThingSpeak TalkBack App 存储设备命令。您可以使用 Web 界面或 HTTP 命令将设备命令写入列表。您可以在列表中存储最多 8000 条命令。每次设备读取命令列表时,它会读取一条命令并从列表中删除最新的命令。

支持的硬件
Arduino UNO 或类似产品,带 Wi-Fi 模块或 Wi-Fi 连接
MKR1000
前提条件
设置 TalkBack 来运行此示例。转至 Apps > TalkBacks,然后选择 New TalkBack。然后,将命令添加到队列中。

将命令添加到 TalkBack 队列
您可以通过以下两种方式之一将命令添加到 TalkBack 队列。
使用 ThingSpeak TalkBack 网络界面将命令添加到 TalkBack 队列。您可以将 TalkBack 配置为最多 8000 条命令。
使用 ThingSpeak API。您可以使用 HTTP POST 请求将命令添加到队列。在以下 POST 中,将
TALKBACK_ID、YOUR_TALKBACK_API_KEY、TALKBACK_COMMAND和POSITION_NUMBER替换为您通道中的相应值。
POST https://api.thingspeak.com/talkbacks/TALKBACK_ID/commands
api_key=YOUR_TALKBACK_API_KEY
command_string=TALKBACK_COMMAND
position=POSITION_NUMBER
对 Arduino 进行编程
1) 下载最新的 Arduino®IDE。
2) 如果 WiFi101 尚未添加到 Library Manager 中。
a) 选择 Sketch > Include Library > Manage Libraries。搜索 WiFi101。
b) 选择 WiFi101 库并点击 Install。
3) 将 WiFi101 库添加到草图中。
a) 选择 Sketch > Include Library > Manage Libraries。
b) 选择 WiFi101 将其添加到您的草图中。
4) 将 SPI 库添加到草图中。
a) 选择 Sketch > Include Library > Manage Libraries。
b) 选择 SPI 将其添加到您的草图中。
5) 在 Tools 菜单中,选择 Arduino IDE 中适当的端口和主板。
6) 将代码粘贴到 Arduino IDE。添加您的 WiFi 网络信息、您的 TalkBack API 密钥和您的 TalkBack 号码。
7) 对设备进行编程,然后观察串行监视器和 LED,以观察命令使用时的变化。每次执行命令时,该命令就会从列表中删除。使用完命令后,您需要将更多命令添加到列表中。
代码
1)首先包含适当的库并定义变量。
/*
FetchCommandFromTalkBack
Description: Checks a TalkBack queue every 60 seconds and set the state of the built-in LED according
to the latest command fetched. Turn the LED on and off by using the commands TURN_ON and TURN_OFF.
The TalkBack documentation can be found at: https://www.mathworks.com/help/thingspeak/talkback-app.html.
Hardware: Arduino WiFi Shield 101 or MKR
Notes:
- Requires WiFi101 library. Use the WiFi101 library version 0.13.0 or older. WiFi101 library versions 0.14.0 and newer have a bug
that prevents the ThingSpeak library from working properly.
- Make sure the WiFi Shield 101 has updated firmware. Find instructions at https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/FirmwareUpdater.
Copyright 2018, The MathWorks, Inc.
*/
#include <SPI.h> // Required for shield communication
#include <WiFi.h>
char ssid[] = <enter your SSID>; // your network SSID (name)
char pass[] = <enter your password>; // your network password
WiFiClient client;
unsigned long myTalkBackID = <enter your TalkBack ID;
const char * myTalkBackKey = <enter your TalkBack API key>;
2) 在 setup 函数中,初始化 LED 并启动串行监视器。
void setup() {
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); // Set up LED
Serial.begin(115200); // Initialize serial
}
3) 在主循环中,首先建立与本地 WiFi 网络的连接。使用正确的参数创建 POST 消息。发送 POST 请求,验证结果并检查 TalkBack 命令。等待 60 秒然后再次检查队列。
void loop() {
// Connect or reconnect to Wi-Fi
if(WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){
Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");
Serial.println(String(ssid));
while(WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){
WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);
Serial.print(".");
delay(5000);
}
Serial.println("\nConnected.");
}
// Create the TalkBack URI
String tbURI = String("/talkbacks/") + String(myTalkBackID) + String("/commands/execute");
// Create the message body for the POST out of the values
String postMessage = String("api_key=") + String(myTalkBackKey);
// Make a string for any commands in the queue
String newCommand = String();
// Make the POST to ThingSpeak
int x = httpPOST(tbURI, postMessage, newCommand);
client.stop();
// Check the result
if(x == 200){
Serial.println("checking queue...");
// check for a command returned from TalkBack
if(newCommand.length() != 0){
Serial.print(" Latest command from queue: ");
Serial.println(newCommand);
if(newCommand == "TURN_ON"){
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
}
if(newCommand == "TURN_OFF"){
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
}
}
else{
Serial.println(" Nothing new.");
}
}
else{
Serial.println("Problem checking queue. HTTP error code " + String(x));
}
delay(60000); // Wait 60 seconds to check queue again
}
4) 使用 httpPOST 函数读取下一个 TalkBack 命令。
// General function to POST to ThingSpeak
int httpPOST(String uri, String postMessage, String &response){
bool connectSuccess = false;
connectSuccess = client.connect("api.thingspeak.com",80);
if(!connectSuccess){
return -301;
}
postMessage += "&headers=false";
String Headers = String("POST ") + uri + String(" HTTP/1.1\r\n") +
String("Host: api.thingspeak.com\r\n") +
String("Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n") +
String("Connection: close\r\n") +
String("Content-Length: ") + String(postMessage.length()) +
String("\r\n\r\n");
client.print(Headers);
client.print(postMessage);
long startWaitForResponseAt = millis();
while(client.available() == 0 && millis() - startWaitForResponseAt < 5000){
delay(100);
}
if(client.available() == 0){
return -304; // Didn't get server response in time
}
if(!client.find(const_cast<char *>("HTTP/1.1"))){
return -303; // Couldn't parse response (didn't find HTTP/1.1)
}
int status = client.parseInt();
if(status != 200){
return status;
}
if(!client.find(const_cast<char *>("\n\r\n"))){
return -303;
}
String tempString = String(client.readString());
response = tempString;
return status;
}