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Mic In

Read audio sample from MEMS microphone available on the STMicroelectronics STM32F4–Discovery board

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Add-On Required: This feature requires the Embedded Coder Support Package for STMicroelectronics STM32 Processors add-on.

  • Mic In block

Libraries:
Embedded Coder Support Package for STMicroelectronics STM32 Processors / STM32F4-Discovery

Description

This block reads the audio samples collected from the MEMS microphone (MP45DT02, ST MEMS audio sensor, omnidirectional digital microphone), available on STM32F4–Discovery™ board. The MEMS microphone produces a Pulse Density Modulated (PDM) signal.

The block output emits int16 Pulse Code Modulated audio frame with the size specified in Frame size (samples) field from the block mask.

The block sample rate is calculated as: Sample frequency/ Frame size.

For example, the Mic in block sample time with 48 kHz sampling frequency and 96 samples frame size is equal to 2 ms (96/48000). The minimum allowed sampling rate for the Mic in block is 1ms.

In the Configuration Parameters dialog, under Coder Target, you can select “Mic In” block DMA interrupt as the Scheduler Interrupt Source. This ensures that the processing of your algorithm is synchronized with the Mic In block interrupt.

When you select this option, make sure your model base rate is the same as the Mic In block sample time.

Note

As the Mic In block always outputs 1ms of int16 PCM audio frame data, the values in Frame Size and Sample Time are calculated based on the Sample Rate that you select. The values in these parameters are for display purposes only. You cannot edit these values.

PDM Processing

Pulse Density Modulation (PDM) uses the density of a pulse to represent a signal. The relative density of the pulses in PDM corresponds to the analog signal amplitude. In PDM bit stream, ‘1’ corresponds to a pulse of positive polarity and ‘0’ corresponds to a pulse of negative polarity. PDM uses a single bit to convey the audio.

Some of the advantages of PDM processing are:

  • Simple in concept and execution

  • Low cost audio transmission in digital form

  • Efficient systems with good design

  • Low noise and less signal interference

Read Audio Data Using Double Buffering

The Mic In block uses a double buffering to read the audio data from the MEMS microphone.

With double buffering, one buffer is used by the DMA to read audio PDM signal from the MEMS microphone while the other buffer is used to send audio frames to the audio processing algorithm. This helps to prevent overwriting of the buffer while being used by the audio algorithm.

The following describes the double buffering mechanism in the Mic In block.

  • In the first iteration, when the ‘Mic in buffer1’ sends the data for audio processing, the DMA fills ‘Mic in buffer0’.

    In the first iteration, the ‘Mic in buffer1’ does not contain the audio samples. Therefore, the audio samples from the Mic In block are delayed by one audio frame.

  • After the DMA completes filling Mic in buffer0, an interrupt is triggered.

  • In the second iteration, when the ‘Mic in buffer0’ sends the data for audio processing and the DMA fills ‘Mic in buffer1’.

Examples

Parametric Audio Equalizer for STM32 Discovery Boards

Parametric Audio Equalizer for STM32 Discovery Boards

Model a three band parametric equalizer algorithm and run it on the ARM® Cortex®-M based STMicroelectronics® STM32 Discovery boards using Embedded Coder® Support Package for STMicroelectronics STM32 Processors.

G.729 Voice Activity Detection for STM32 Processor Based Board

G.729 Voice Activity Detection for STM32 Processor Based Board

Model the ITU-T G.729 Voice Activity Detector (VAD) algorithm and run it on the ARM® Cortex®-M based STMicroelectronics® STM32 boards using Embedded Coder® Support Package for STMicroelectronics STM32 Processors.

Ports

Output

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The output port containing audio samples from MEMS microphone on the STMicroelectronics® STM32F4–Discovery board.

Data Types: int16

Parameters

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Select a sample rate. It is the sampling frequency to read audio signal from the MEMS microphone.

The audio signal frame size is based on the sample rate that you select.

The block sample time is calculated based on the sample rate that you select.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

Version History

Introduced in R2013b

See Also