Pressure-Compensated 3-Way Flow Control Valve (IL)

3-way flow control in an isothermal liquid system

Since R2020a

Libraries:
Simscape / Fluids / Isothermal Liquid / Valves & Orifices / Flow Control Valves

Description

The Pressure-Compensated 3-Way Flow Control Valve (IL) block models constant-pressure flow control. When the control pressure, p_A – p_B, meets or exceeds the Set orifice pressure differential, the relief component of the underlying compensator valve opens to maintain the pressure in the block.

The flow control valve opening and closing is controlled by a physical signal received at port S, which determines the area of the underlying orifice block. A positive signal opens the valve. Port R vents liquid to another part of your network.

For pressure-compensated flow control without venting, see the Pressure-Compensated Flow Control Valve (IL) block.

Orifice Parameterization

You can choose the valve model with the Orifice parameterization setting:

Linear - area vs. control member position is an analytical formulation that assumes the valve opening area and the valve control member are related linearly.
Tabulated data - Area vs. control member position is a user-supplied data sheet that relates orifice opening area and the control member position. The block queries between data points with linear interpolation and uses nearest extrapolation for points beyond the table boundaries.
Tabulated data - Volumetric flow rate vs. control member position and pressure drop is a user-supplied data sheet that relates the control member position, orifice pressure drop, and orifice volumetric flow rate. The block queries between data points with linear interpolation and uses a nearest extrapolation for points beyond the table boundaries.

Numerically-Smoothed Area and Pressure

When the orifice parameterization is linear, you can maintain numerical robustness at the extremes of the orifice area and valve pressure range by tuning the Smoothing factor parameter to a nonzero value less than 1. If the Smoothing factor parameter is nonzero, the block applies a smoothing function to all calculated areas and pressures, but it primarily influences the simulation at the extremes of these ranges.

If you enable smoothing, the block smoothly saturates the orifice area between the Leakage area and Maximum orifice area parameters. The block smoothly saturates the valve pressure between the Set orifice pressure differential parameter and the sum of the Set orifice pressure differential and the Pressure compensator valve regulation range parameters.

For more information, see Numerical Smoothing.

Block Schematic

The Pressure-Compensated 3-Way Flow Control Valve (IL) is constructed from the Pressure Compensator Valve (IL) and Orifice (IL) blocks.

Three-Way Flow Control Valve Schematic

Examples

Priority Valve Controlling Two Hydraulic Motors

A pressure-compensated 3-way flow control valve. This valve maintains constant flow rate through the main hydraulic motor, which is connected to the pressure-compensated outlet of the flow control valve. It acts as a priority valve, diverting the excess flow to the auxiliary hydraulic motor if the main hydraulic motor receives enough fluid to maintain a preset angular velocity. The auxiliary motor is shut off completely if there is insufficient flow to power the main hydraulic motor.

Open Model

Ports

Conserving

expand all

A — Valve liquid port
isothermal liquid

Liquid entry or exit port to the three-way valve.

B — Orifice liquid port
isothermal liquid

Liquid entry or exit port to the orifice.

R — Reducing valve liquid port
isothermal liquid

Liquid exit port from the reducing valve.

Input

expand all

S — Physical signal, in m
physical signal

Orifice opening in m, set as a physical signal.

Parameters

expand all

Orifice parameterization — Method of modeling orifice opening
`Linear - area vs. control member position` (default) | `Tabulated data - Area vs. control member position` | `Tabulated data - Volumetric flow rate vs. control member position and pressure drop`

Method of modeling the opening of the orifice. The opening is either parametrized linearly, which correlates the opening area to the control member position; by user-supplied data that correlate the orifice opening area to the control member position; or by an array of data that correlates the valve flow rate to the control member position and valve pressure drop.

Control member position at closed orifice — Control member offset
`0 m` (default) | scalar

Control member offset when the orifice is fully open. A positive, nonzero value indicates a partially closed orifice. A negative, nonzero value indicates an overlapped orifice that remains open for an initial displacement set by the physical signal at port S.

Control member travel between closed and opened orifice — Maximum control member stroke
`5e-3 m` (default) | positive scalar

Control member stroke that fully opens the orifice.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Orifice parameterization to Linear - area vs. control member position.

Maximum orifice area — Maximum orifice cross-sectional area
`8e-5 m^2` (default) | positive scalar

Cross-sectional area of the orifice in its fully open position. This parameter is used as an upper limit for area-pressure calculations during the simulation.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Orifice parameterization to Linear - area vs. control member position.

Control member position vector — Vector of opening position
`[0, .002, .007] m` (default) | 1-by-n vector

Vector of orifice opening distances for the tabular parameterization of the orifice opening area. The vector elements must correspond one-to-one with the elements in the Orifice area vector parameter. The elements are listed in ascending order and the first element must be 0. Linear interpolation is employed between table data points.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Orifice parameterization to Tabulated data - Area vs. control member position.

Orifice area vector — Vector of opening areas
`[1e-09, 4e-09, 1e-05] m^2` (default) | 1-by-n vector

Vector of valve opening areas for the tabular parameterization of the valve opening area. The vector elements must correspond one-to-one with the elements in the Control member position vector parameter. The elements are listed in ascending order and must be greater than 0.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Orifice parameterization to Tabulated data - Area vs. control member position.

Control member position vector, s — Vector of control member positions
`[0, .002, .004, .007, .017] m` (default) | 1-by-n vector

Vector of control member positions for the tabular parameterization of the volumetric flow rate. The control member position vector forms an independent axis with the Pressure drop vector, dp parameter for the 3-D dependent Volumetric flow rate table, q(s,dp) parameter. A positive displacement corresponds to valve opening. The values are listed in ascending order and the first element must be 0. Linear interpolation is employed between table data points.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Orifice parameterization to Volumetric flow rate vs. control member position and pressure drop.

Pressure drop vector, dp — Vector of pressure differential values
`[.3, .5, .7] MPa` (default) | 1-by-n vector

Vector of valve opening areas for the tabular parameterization of the valve opening area. The pressure drop vector forms an independent axis with the Control member position vector, s parameter for the 3-D dependent Volumetric flow rate table, q(s,dp) parameter. The values are listed in ascending order and must be greater than 0. Linear interpolation is employed between table data points.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Orifice parameterization to Volumetric flow rate vs. control member position and pressure drop.

Volumetric flow rate table, q(s,dp) — Array of volumetric flow rate values
`[1.7e-05, 2e-05, 2.6e-05; .0035, .0045, .0053; .7, .9, 1.06; 1.96, 2.5, 3; 6, 7.7, 9.13] .* 1e-3 m^3/s` (default) | M-by-N array

Array of volumetric flow rates based on independent values of pressure drop and spool travel distance. M and N are the sizes of the corresponding vectors:

M is the number of elements in the Pressure drop vector, dp parameter.
N is the number of elements in the Control member position vector, s parameter.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Orifice parameterization to Volumetric flow rate vs. control member position and pressure drop.

Set orifice pressure differential — Threshold for compensator valve operation
`0.6 MPa` (default) | positive scalar

Magnitude of pressure differential that triggers valve opening or closing.

Pressure compensator valve regulation range — Area of the fully opened pressure compensator valve
`1e-4 m^2` (default) | positive scalar

Cross-sectional area of the valve in its fully open position. This parameter is used as an upper limit for area-pressure calculations during the simulation.

Pressure compensator valve maximum area — Pressure operational region of the pressure compensating valve
`0.1 MPa` (default) | scalar

Operational pressure range of the valve. The pressure regulation range lies between the Set orifice pressure differential and the maximum valve operating pressure.

Leakage area — Gap area when in fully closed position
`1e-10 m^2` (default) | positive scalar

Sum of all gaps when the valve is in the fully closed position. Any area smaller than this value is maintained at the specified leakage area. This contributes to numerical stability by maintaining continuity in the flow.

Discharge coefficient — Discharge coefficient
`0.64` (default) | positive scalar

Correction factor that accounts for discharge losses in theoretical flows.

Critical Reynolds number — Upper Reynolds number limit for laminar flow
`150` (default) | positive scalar

Upper Reynolds number limit for laminar flow through the valve.

Smoothing factor — Numerical smoothing factor
`0.01` (default) | positive scalar in the range [0,1]

Continuous smoothing factor that introduces a layer of gradual change to the flow response when the valve is in near-open or near-closed positions. Set this value to a nonzero value less than one to increase the stability of your simulation in these regimes.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

Version History

Introduced in R2020a

Pressure-Compensated 3-Way Flow Control Valve (IL)

Description

Orifice Parameterization

Numerically-Smoothed Area and Pressure

Block Schematic

Examples

Priority Valve Controlling Two Hydraulic Motors

Ports

Conserving

A — Valve liquid port isothermal liquid

B — Orifice liquid port isothermal liquid

R — Reducing valve liquid port isothermal liquid

Input

S — Physical signal, in m physical signal

Parameters

Orifice parameterization — Method of modeling orifice opening Linear - area vs. control member position (default) | Tabulated data - Area vs. control member position | Tabulated data - Volumetric flow rate vs. control member position and pressure drop

Control member position at closed orifice — Control member offset 0 m (default) | scalar

Control member travel between closed and opened orifice — Maximum control member stroke 5e-3 m (default) | positive scalar

Dependencies

Maximum orifice area — Maximum orifice cross-sectional area 8e-5 m^2 (default) | positive scalar

Dependencies

Control member position vector — Vector of opening position [0, .002, .007] m (default) | 1-by-n vector

Dependencies

Orifice area vector — Vector of opening areas [1e-09, 4e-09, 1e-05] m^2 (default) | 1-by-n vector

Dependencies

Control member position vector, s — Vector of control member positions [0, .002, .004, .007, .017] m (default) | 1-by-n vector

Dependencies

Pressure drop vector, dp — Vector of pressure differential values [.3, .5, .7] MPa (default) | 1-by-n vector

Dependencies

Volumetric flow rate table, q(s,dp) — Array of volumetric flow rate values [1.7e-05, 2e-05, 2.6e-05; .0035, .0045, .0053; .7, .9, 1.06; 1.96, 2.5, 3; 6, 7.7, 9.13] .* 1e-3 m^3/s (default) | M-by-N array

Dependencies

Set orifice pressure differential — Threshold for compensator valve operation 0.6 MPa (default) | positive scalar

Pressure compensator valve regulation range — Area of the fully opened pressure compensator valve 1e-4 m^2 (default) | positive scalar

Pressure compensator valve maximum area — Pressure operational region of the pressure compensating valve 0.1 MPa (default) | scalar

Leakage area — Gap area when in fully closed position 1e-10 m^2 (default) | positive scalar

Discharge coefficient — Discharge coefficient 0.64 (default) | positive scalar

Critical Reynolds number — Upper Reynolds number limit for laminar flow 150 (default) | positive scalar

Smoothing factor — Numerical smoothing factor 0.01 (default) | positive scalar in the range [0,1]

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

Version History

See Also

A — Valve liquid port
isothermal liquid

B — Orifice liquid port
isothermal liquid

R — Reducing valve liquid port
isothermal liquid

S — Physical signal, in m
physical signal

Orifice parameterization — Method of modeling orifice opening
`Linear - area vs. control member position` (default) | `Tabulated data - Area vs. control member position` | `Tabulated data - Volumetric flow rate vs. control member position and pressure drop`

Control member position at closed orifice — Control member offset
`0 m` (default) | scalar

Control member travel between closed and opened orifice — Maximum control member stroke
`5e-3 m` (default) | positive scalar

Maximum orifice area — Maximum orifice cross-sectional area
`8e-5 m^2` (default) | positive scalar

Control member position vector — Vector of opening position
`[0, .002, .007] m` (default) | 1-by-n vector

Orifice area vector — Vector of opening areas
`[1e-09, 4e-09, 1e-05] m^2` (default) | 1-by-n vector

Control member position vector, s — Vector of control member positions
`[0, .002, .004, .007, .017] m` (default) | 1-by-n vector

Pressure drop vector, dp — Vector of pressure differential values
`[.3, .5, .7] MPa` (default) | 1-by-n vector

Volumetric flow rate table, q(s,dp) — Array of volumetric flow rate values
`[1.7e-05, 2e-05, 2.6e-05; .0035, .0045, .0053; .7, .9, 1.06; 1.96, 2.5, 3; 6, 7.7, 9.13] .* 1e-3 m^3/s` (default) | M-by-N array

Set orifice pressure differential — Threshold for compensator valve operation
`0.6 MPa` (default) | positive scalar

Pressure compensator valve regulation range — Area of the fully opened pressure compensator valve
`1e-4 m^2` (default) | positive scalar

Pressure compensator valve maximum area — Pressure operational region of the pressure compensating valve
`0.1 MPa` (default) | scalar

Leakage area — Gap area when in fully closed position
`1e-10 m^2` (default) | positive scalar

Discharge coefficient — Discharge coefficient
`0.64` (default) | positive scalar

Critical Reynolds number — Upper Reynolds number limit for laminar flow
`150` (default) | positive scalar

Smoothing factor — Numerical smoothing factor
`0.01` (default) | positive scalar in the range [0,1]

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.