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TabGroup

Tab group UI container

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  • Tab group UI container

Description

A tab group UI container groups and manages tabs in an app. Use the TabGroup object to modify the appearance and behavior of a tab group after you create it.

Creation

Create a tab group in an app using the uitabgroup function.

Properties

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Tabs

Tab label location, specified as 'top', 'bottom', 'left', or 'right'. This property specifies the location of the tab labels with respect to the tab group.

Currently selected tab, specified as a Tab object. Use this property to determine the currently selected tab within a tab group. You can also use this property to set the default tab selection. The default value of the SelectedTab property is the first Tab that you add to the TabGroup.

Interactivity

State of visibility, specified as 'on' or 'off', or as numeric or logical 1 (true) or 0 (false). A value of 'on' is equivalent to true, and 'off' is equivalent to false. Thus, you can use the value of this property as a logical value. The value is stored as an on/off logical value of type matlab.lang.OnOffSwitchState.

  • 'on' — Display the object.

  • 'off' — Hide the object without deleting it. You still can access the properties of an invisible UI component.

To make your app start faster, set the Visible property to 'off' for all components that do not need to appear at startup.

Changing the size of an invisible container triggers the SizeChangedFcn callback when it becomes visible.

Changing the Visible property of a container does not change the values of the Visible properties of child components. This is true even though hiding the container causes the child components to be hidden.

Context menu, specified as a ContextMenu object created using the uicontextmenu function. Use this property to display a context menu when you right-click on a component.

Position

Location and size of the tab group, specified as a four-element vector of the form [left bottom width height].

This table describes each element in the vector.

ElementDescription
leftDistance from the inner left edge of the parent container to the outer left edge of the tab group
bottomDistance from the inner bottom edge of the parent container to the outer bottom edge of the tab group
widthDistance between the right and left outer edges of the tab group
heightDistance between the top and bottom outer edges of the tab group

All measurements are in units specified by the Units property.

The Position values are relative to the drawable area of the parent container. The drawable area is the area inside the borders of the container and does not include the area occupied by decorations such as a menu bar or title.

Location and size of the tab group excluding borders and tab titles, specified as a four-element vector of the form [left bottom width height]. All measurements are in units specified by the Units property.

The InnerPosition values are relative to the drawable area of the parent container. The drawable area is the area inside the borders of the container and does not include the area occupied by decorations such as a menu bar or title.

figure-Based Apps

For tab groups in apps created using the figure function, the value of InnerPosition includes the borders and tab titles and is identical to the Position and OuterPosition property value.

Location and size of the tab group, specified as a four-element vector of the form [left bottom width height]. All measurements are in units specified by the Units property.

This property value is identical to the Position property value.

Units of measurement, specified as one of the values in this table.

Units ValueDescription
'pixels' (default in uifigure-based apps)

Distances in pixels are independent of your system resolution on Windows® and Macintosh systems:

  • On Windows systems, a pixel is 1/96th of an inch.

  • On Macintosh systems, a pixel is 1/72nd of an inch.

On Linux® systems, the size of a pixel is determined by your system resolution.

'normalized' (default in figure-based apps)

These units are normalized with respect to the parent container. The lower-left corner of the container maps to (0,0) and the upper-right corner maps to (1,1).

'inches'Inches.
'centimeters'Centimeters.
'points'Points. One point equals 1/72nd of an inch.
'characters'

These units are based on the default uicontrol font of the graphics root object:

  • Character width = width of the letter x.

  • Character height = distance between the baselines of two lines of text.

To access the default uicontrol font, use get(groot,'defaultuicontrolFontName') or set(groot,'defaultuicontrolFontName').

The recommended value is 'pixels', because most MATLAB® app building functionality measures distances in pixels. You can create an object that rescales based on the size of the parent container by parenting the object to a grid layout manager created using the uigridlayout function. For more information, see Lay Out Apps Programmatically.

Callbacks

Selection changed callback, specified as one of these values:

  • A function handle.

  • A cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.

  • A character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.

This callback function executes when the user selects a different tab within the tab group.

This callback function can access specific information about the user’s interaction with the tabs. MATLAB passes this information in a SelectionChangedData object as the second argument to your callback function. In App Designer, the argument is called event. You can query the object properties using dot notation. For example, event.NewValue returns the currently selected tab. The SelectionChangedData object is not available to callback functions specified as character vectors.

The following table lists the properties of the SelectionChangedData object.

Property

Description

OldValue

Previously selected Tab, or [] if none was selected

NewValue

Currently selected Tab

Source

Component that executes the callback

EventName

'SelectionChanged'

For more information about writing callbacks, see Callbacks in App Designer.

Size change callback, specified as one of these values:

  • A function handle.

  • A cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.

  • A character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.

Define this callback to customize the app layout when the size of this container changes (for example, when the user resizes the window). In it, write code to adjust the Position property of the child components.

Note

In uifigure-based apps, the SizeChangedFcn callback will not execute unless the AutoResizeChildren property of this container is set to 'off'. In App Designer, you can make the SizeChangedFcn executable by selecting the container and clearing the AutoResizeChildren check box in the component tab of the Component Browser.

The SizeChangedFcn callback executes when:

  • This container becomes visible for the first time.

  • This container is visible while its size changes.

  • This container becomes visible for the first time after its size changes. This situation occurs when the size changes while the container is invisible, and then it becomes visible later.

Other important points to consider when defining a SizeChangedFcn callback:

  • Consider delaying the display of this container until after all the variables that the SizeChangedFcn uses are defined. This practice can prevent the SizeChangedFcn callback from returning an error. To delay the display of the container, set its Visible property to 'off'. Then, set the Visible property to 'on' after you define the variables that your SizeChangedFcn callback uses.

  • If your app contains nested containers, they resize from the inside out.

  • To access the container that is resizing from within the SizeChangedFcn, refer to the source object (the first input argument in the callback) or use the gcbo function.

In uifigure-based apps, alternate ways to specify resize behavior are to create a GridLayout object or use the auto-reflow options in App Designer. These options can be easier to use than SizeChangedFcn callbacks. However, there are some advantages that SizeChangedFcn callbacks have over these options. For example:

  • Resizing a component up to a minimum or maximum size that you define.

  • Implementing non-linear resize behaviors.

Button-press callback function, specified as one of these values:

  • A function handle.

  • A cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.

  • A character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.

For more information about specifying a callback property value as a function handle, cell array, or character vector, see Specify a Callback Function.

The ButtonDownFcn callback is a function that executes when the user clicks a mouse button within the container.

Object creation function, specified as one of these values:

  • Function handle.

  • Cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.

  • Character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.

For more information about specifying a callback as a function handle, cell array, or character vector, see Callbacks in App Designer.

This property specifies a callback function to execute when MATLAB creates the object. MATLAB initializes all property values before executing the CreateFcn callback. If you do not specify the CreateFcn property, then MATLAB executes a default creation function.

Setting the CreateFcn property on an existing component has no effect.

If you specify this property as a function handle or cell array, you can access the object that is being created using the first argument of the callback function. Otherwise, use the gcbo function to access the object.

Object deletion function, specified as one of these values:

  • Function handle.

  • Cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.

  • Character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.

For more information about specifying a callback as a function handle, cell array, or character vector, see Callbacks in App Designer.

This property specifies a callback function to execute when MATLAB deletes the object. MATLAB executes the DeleteFcn callback before destroying the properties of the object. If you do not specify the DeleteFcn property, then MATLAB executes a default deletion function.

If you specify this property as a function handle or cell array, you can access the object that is being deleted using the first argument of the callback function. Otherwise, use the gcbo function to access the object.

Callback Execution Control

Callback interruption, specified as 'on' or 'off', or as numeric or logical 1 (true) or 0 (false). A value of 'on' is equivalent to true, and 'off' is equivalent to false. Thus, you can use the value of this property as a logical value. The value is stored as an on/off logical value of type matlab.lang.OnOffSwitchState.

This property determines if a running callback can be interrupted. There are two callback states to consider:

  • The running callback is the currently executing callback.

  • The interrupting callback is a callback that tries to interrupt the running callback.

MATLAB determines callback interruption behavior whenever it executes a command that processes the callback queue. These commands include drawnow, figure, uifigure, getframe, waitfor, and pause.

If the running callback does not contain one of these commands, then no interruption occurs. MATLAB first finishes executing the running callback, and later executes the interrupting callback.

If the running callback does contain one of these commands, then the Interruptible property of the object that owns the running callback determines if the interruption occurs:

  • If the value of Interruptible is 'off', then no interruption occurs. Instead, the BusyAction property of the object that owns the interrupting callback determines if the interrupting callback is discarded or added to the callback queue.

  • If the value of Interruptible is 'on', then the interruption occurs. The next time MATLAB processes the callback queue, it stops the execution of the running callback and executes the interrupting callback. After the interrupting callback completes, MATLAB then resumes executing the running callback.

Note

Callback interruption and execution behave differently in these situations:

  • If the interrupting callback is a DeleteFcn, CloseRequestFcn, or SizeChangedFcn callback, then the interruption occurs regardless of the Interruptible property value.

  • If the running callback is currently executing the waitfor function, then the interruption occurs regardless of the Interruptible property value.

  • If the interrupting callback is owned by a Timer object, then the callback executes according to schedule regardless of the Interruptible property value.

Note

When an interruption occurs, MATLAB does not save the state of properties or the display. For example, the object returned by the gca or gcf command might change when another callback executes.

Callback queuing, specified as 'queue' or 'cancel'. The BusyAction property determines how MATLAB handles the execution of interrupting callbacks. There are two callback states to consider:

  • The running callback is the currently executing callback.

  • The interrupting callback is a callback that tries to interrupt the running callback.

The BusyAction property determines callback queuing behavior only when both of these conditions are met:

  • The running callback contains a command that processes the callback queue, such as drawnow, figure, uifigure, getframe, waitfor, or pause.

  • The value of the Interruptible property of the object that owns the running callback is 'off'.

Under these conditions, the BusyAction property of the object that owns the interrupting callback determines how MATLAB handles the interrupting callback. These are possible values of the BusyAction property:

  • 'queue' — Puts the interrupting callback in a queue to be processed after the running callback finishes execution.

  • 'cancel' — Does not execute the interrupting callback.

This property is read-only.

Deletion status, returned as an on/off logical value of type matlab.lang.OnOffSwitchState.

MATLAB sets the BeingDeleted property to 'on' when the DeleteFcn callback begins execution. The BeingDeleted property remains set to 'on' until the component object no longer exists.

Check the value of the BeingDeleted property to verify that the object is not about to be deleted before querying or modifying it.

Parent/Child

Parent container, specified as a Figure object created using the uifigure function, or one of its child containers: Tab, Panel, ButtonGroup, or GridLayout. If no container is specified, MATLAB calls the uifigure function to create a new Figure object that serves as the parent container.

TabGroup children, returned as an empty GraphicsPlaceholder or a one-dimensional array of Tab objects.

You cannot add or remove tabs using the Children property of the TabGroup. Use this property to view the list of tabs or to reorder the tabs. The order of the Tab objects in this array reflects the order of the tabs displayed on the screen.

To add a child to this list, set the Parent property of a Tab object to be the TabGroup object.

Visibility of the object handle, specified as 'on', 'callback', or 'off'.

This property controls the visibility of the object in its parent's list of children. When an object is not visible in its parent's list of children, it is not returned by functions that obtain objects by searching the object hierarchy or querying properties. These functions include get, findobj, clf, and close. Objects are valid even if they are not visible. If you can access an object, you can set and get its properties, and pass it to any function that operates on objects.

HandleVisibility ValueDescription
'on'The object is always visible.
'callback'The object is visible from within callbacks or functions invoked by callbacks, but not from within functions invoked from the command line. This option blocks access to the object at the command-line, but allows callback functions to access it.
'off'The object is invisible at all times. This option is useful for preventing unintended changes to the UI by another function. Set the HandleVisibility to 'off' to temporarily hide the object during the execution of that function.

Identifiers

This property is read-only.

Type of graphics object, returned as 'uitabgroup'.

Object identifier, specified as a character vector or string scalar. You can specify a unique Tag value to serve as an identifier for an object. When you need access to the object elsewhere in your code, you can use the findobj function to search for the object based on the Tag value.

User data, specified as any MATLAB array. For example, you can specify a scalar, vector, matrix, cell array, character array, table, or structure. Use this property to store arbitrary data on an object.

If you are working in App Designer, create public or private properties in the app to share data instead of using the UserData property. For more information, see Share Data Within App Designer Apps.

uifigure-Based Apps Only

Note

This property is valid only for tab groups in App Designer and in apps created using the uifigure function.

Tooltip, specified as a character vector, cell array of character vectors, string array, or categorical array. Use this property to display a message when the user hovers the pointer over the tab group at run time. Tooltips for tab groups display only when there are no tabs in the tab group. To display multiple lines of text, specify a cell array of character vectors, string array, or categorical array. Each element in the array becomes a separate line of text. If you specify this property as a categorical array, MATLAB uses the values in the array, not the full set of categories.

Note

This property is valid only for tab groups in App Designer and in apps created using the uifigure function.

Automatically resize children, specified as 'on' or 'off', or as numeric or logical 1 (true) or 0 (false). A value of 'on' is equivalent to true, and 'off' is equivalent to false. Thus, you can use the value of this property as a logical value. The value is stored as an on/off logical value of type matlab.lang.OnOffSwitchState.

  • 'on' — Child components automatically resize when the container resizes.

  • 'off' — Child components do not resize.

The AutoResizeChildren property affects direct children of the container, not children inside nested containers.

To customize the resize behavior, set the AutoResizeChildren property to 'off' and create a SizeChangedFcn callback for the container. For more information, see Manage App Resize Behavior Programmatically.

To disable resizing of an app, set the Resize property of the figure to 'off'.

Note

This property is valid only for tab groups in App Designer and in apps created using the uifigure function.

Layout options, specified as a GridLayoutOptions object. This property specifies options for components that are children of grid layout containers. If the component is not a child of a grid layout container (for example, it is a child of a figure or panel), then this property is empty and has no effect. However, if the component is a child of a grid layout container, you can place the component in the desired row and column of the grid by setting the Row and Column properties on the GridLayoutOptions object.

For example, this code places a tab group in the third row and second column of its parent grid.

g = uigridlayout([4 3]);
tg = uitabgroup(g);
tg.Layout.Row = 3;
tg.Layout.Column = 2;

To make the tab group span multiple rows or columns, specify the Row or Column property as a two-element vector. For example, this tab group spans columns 2 through 3:

tg.Layout.Column = [2 3];

Examples

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Create a figure containing a tab group and two tabs.

f = figure;
tabgp = uitabgroup(f,"Position",[.05 .05 .3 .8]);
tab1 = uitab(tabgp,"Title","Settings");
tab2 = uitab(tabgp,"Title","Options");

Tab group with two tabs in a figure window. The tabs have titles "Settings" and "Options". The "Settings" tab is selected.

Get the currently selected tab.

currenttab = tabgp.SelectedTab
currenttab = 

  Tab (Settings) with properties:

              Title: 'Settings'
    BackgroundColor: [0.9400 0.9400 0.9400]
           Position: [0.0119 0.0089 0.9702 0.9107]
              Units: 'normalized'

The Scrollable property enables scrolling within a tab that has components outside its borders. To use scrolling, the figure must be created with the uifigure function. App Designer uses this type of figure for creating apps.

Create a tab group containing one tab. Add six UI components to the tab, where the first three lie outside the upper border of the tab.

fig = uifigure;
tg = uitabgroup(fig,"Position",[20 20 196 145]);
t = uitab(tg,"Title","Member Information");
ef1 = uieditfield(t,"Text","Position",[11 165 140 22],"Value","First Name");
ef2 = uieditfield(t,"Text","Position",[11 140 140 22],"Value","Last Name");
ef3 = uieditfield(t,"Text","Position",[11 115 140 22],"Value","Address");
dd = uidropdown(t,"Position",[11 90 140 22],"Items",{'Male','Female'});
cb = uicheckbox(t,"Position",[11 65 140 22],"Text","Member");
b = uibutton(t,"Position",[11 40 140 22],"Text","Send");

Tab group with one tab labeled "Member Information" in a UI figure window. Only the UI components at the bottom of the tab (the drop-down list, check box, and button) are visible.

Enable scrolling by setting the Scrollable property of the tab to "on". By default, the scroll bar displays at the top.

t.Scrollable = "on";

Tab group with one tab labeled "Member Information" in a UI figure window. Only the components at the top (the edit fields, drop-down list, and check box) are visible. The tab has a vertical scroll bar.

In a new script, create a tab group with two tabs in a UI figure. Specify the SelectionChangedFcn property as a handle to a function named displaySelection. This function executes when a user switches between tabs in the tab group.

At the bottom of the script, define the displaySelection function to accept the two input arguments that MATLAB passes to callback functions:

  • src — The component that executed the callback

  • event — Information about the user interaction that triggered the callback

In the callback function, write code to display the title of the visible tab in the Command Window.

fig = uifigure;
tg = uitabgroup(fig,"SelectionChangedFcn",@displaySelection);
t1 = uitab(tg,"Title","Data");
t2 = uitab(tg,"Title","Plots");

function displaySelection(src,event)
    t = event.NewValue;
    title = t.Title;
    disp("Viewing the " + title + " tab")
end

Run the script and toggle between tabs to display the tab titles.

For more information, see Create Callbacks for Apps Created Programmatically.

Version History

Introduced in R2014b

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See Also

Functions

Properties

Tools