viewArray

View array geometry

Since R2021a

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Syntax

viewArray(array)

viewArray(array,Name,Value)

hndl = viewArray(___)

Description

viewArray(array) displays the geometry of the array.

viewArray(array,Name,Value) displays the geometry of the array, with additional options specified by one or more Name,Value pair arguments.

example

hndl = viewArray(___) returns the handle of the array elements in the figure window. All input arguments described for the previous syntaxes also apply here.

Examples

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Geometry and Indices of ULA Elements

Open Live Script

Draw a 6-element ULA and use the 'ShowIndex' parameter to show the indices of the first and third elements.

array = phased.ULA(6);
viewArray(array,'ShowIndex',[1 3],'ShowNormals',true, ...
    'ShowLocalCoordinates',true,'Orientation',[60;100;45], ...
    'ShowAnnotation',true)

Figure contains an axes object. The hidden axes object with xlabel x axis (Az 0 El 0) -->, ylabel y axis --> contains 10 objects of type scatter, text, quiver, line.

Geometry, Normal Directions, and Indices of URA Elements

Open Live Script

This example shows how to display the element positions, normal directions, and indices for all elements of a 4-by-4 square URA.

ha = phased.URA(4);
viewArray(ha,'ShowNormals',true,'ShowIndex','All');

Figure contains an axes object. The hidden axes object with xlabel x axis (Az 0 El 0) -->, ylabel y axis --> contains 24 objects of type scatter, text, quiver, line.

View Uniform Circular Array

Open Live Script

Display the element positions and normal directions of all elements of an 8-element uniform circular array.

Create the uniform circular array

N = 8;
azang = (0:N-1)*360/N - 180;
ha = phased.ConformalArray(...
    'ElementPosition',[cosd(azang);sind(azang);zeros(1,N)],...
    'ElementNormal',[azang;zeros(1,N)]);

Display the positions and normal directions of the elements

viewArray(ha,'ShowNormals',true);

Figure contains an axes object. The hidden axes object with xlabel x axis (Az 0 El 0) -->, ylabel y axis --> contains 8 objects of type scatter, quiver, line, text.

View UCA Array

Open Live Script

Construct an 7-element UCA of isotropic antenna elements with a Taylor window taper. Design the array to have a radius of 0.5 meters. Then, draw the array showing the element normals, element indices, and element taper shading.

Nelem = 7;
R = 0.5;
taper = taylorwin(Nelem);
sArray = phased.UCA(Nelem,R,'Taper',taper.');
w = getTaper(sArray);
viewArray(sArray,'ShowNormals',true,'ShowIndex','All','ShowTaper',true);

Figure contains an axes object. The hidden axes object with xlabel x axis (Az 0 El 0) -->, ylabel y axis --> contains 16 objects of type scatter, text, quiver, line.

Geometry of NR Rectangular Panel Array

Open Live Script

Construct a 5G antenna array where the grid is 2-by-2 and each panel is 4-by-4 array. Each antenna element consists of two short-dipole antennas with different dipole axis directions. The antenna elements are spaced 1/2 wavelength apart and the panels are spaced 3 wavelengths apart. The array operates at 6 GHz.

c = physconst('LightSpeed');
fc = 6.0e9;
lambda = c/fc;
antenna1 = phased.ShortDipoleAntennaElement('AxisDirection','Z');
antenna2 = phased.ShortDipoleAntennaElement('AxisDirection','X');
array = phased.NRRectangularPanelArray('ElementSet', ...
    {antenna1, antenna2},'Size',[4, 4, 2, 2], ...
    'Spacing',[0.5*lambda,0.5*lambda,3*lambda,3*lambda]);
viewArray(array,'ShowNormals',true, ...
    'ShowLocalCoordinates',true,'Orientation',[60;100;45], ...
    'ShowAnnotation',true)

Figure contains an axes object. The hidden axes object with xlabel x axis (Az 0 El 0) -->, ylabel y axis --> contains 8 objects of type scatter, quiver, line, text.

Geometry and Indices of Heterogeneous ULA Elements

Open Live Script

Display the geometry of a 5-element heterogeneous ULA of cosine antenna elements, showing the indices for the first three elements.

sElement1 = phased.CosineAntennaElement('CosinePower',1.5);
sElement2 = phased.CosineAntennaElement('CosinePower',1.8);
sArray = phased.HeterogeneousULA(...
    'ElementSet',{sElement1,sElement2},...
    'ElementIndices',[1 2 2 2 1]);
viewArray(sArray,'ShowIndex',[1:3])

Figure contains an axes object. The hidden axes object with xlabel x axis (Az 0 El 0) -->, ylabel y axis --> contains 10 objects of type scatter, text, line.

Geometry, Normal Directions, and Indices of Heterogeneous URA Elements

Open Live Script

Display the element positions, normal directions, and indices for all elements of a 4-by-4 heterogeneous URA.

sElement1 = phased.CosineAntennaElement('CosinePower',1.5);
sElement2 = phased.CosineAntennaElement('CosinePower',1.8);
sArray = phased.HeterogeneousURA(...
    'ElementSet',{sElement1,sElement2},...
    'ElementIndices',[1 1 1 1; 1 2 2 1; 1 2 2 1; 1 1 1 1]);
viewArray(sArray,'ShowIndex','all','ShowNormals',true);

Figure contains an axes object. The hidden axes object with xlabel x axis (Az 0 El 0) -->, ylabel y axis --> contains 24 objects of type scatter, text, quiver, line.

Array of Replicated Hexagonal Arrays on a Sphere

Open Live Script

This example shows how to construct a full array by replicating subarrays.

Create a hexagonal array to use as a subarray.

Nmin = 9;
Nmax = 17;
dy = 0.5;
dz = 0.5*sin(pi/3);
rowlengths = [Nmin:Nmax Nmax-1:-1:Nmin];
numels_hex = sum(rowlengths);
stopvals = cumsum(rowlengths);
startvals = stopvals-rowlengths+1;
pos = zeros(3,numels_hex);
rowidx = 0;
for m = Nmin-Nmax:Nmax-Nmin
    rowidx = rowidx+1;
    idx = startvals(rowidx):stopvals(rowidx);
    pos(2,idx) = (-(rowlengths(rowidx)-1)/2:...
        (rowlengths(rowidx)-1)/2) * dy;
    pos(3,idx) = m*dz;
end
hexa = phased.ConformalArray('ElementPosition',pos,...
    'ElementNormal',zeros(2,numels_hex));

Arrange copies of the hexagonal array on a sphere.

radius = 9;
az = [-180 -180 -180 -120 -120 -60 -60   0  0  60 60 120 120 180];
el = [-90   -30   30  -30   30 -30  30 -30 30 -30 30 -30  30  90];
numsubarrays = size(az,2);
[x,y,z] = sph2cart(deg2rad(az),deg2rad(el),...
    radius*ones(1,numsubarrays));
ha = phased.ReplicatedSubarray('Subarray',hexa,...
    'Layout','Custom',...
    'SubarrayPosition',[x; y; z], ...
    'SubarrayNormal',[az; el]);

Display the geometry of the array, highlighting selected subarrays with different colors.

viewArray(ha,'ShowSubarray',3:2:13,...
    'Title','Hexagonal Subarrays on a Sphere');
view(0,90)

Figure contains an axes object. The hidden axes object with xlabel x axis (Az 0 El 0) -->, ylabel y axis--> contains 7 objects of type scatter, line, text.

Highlight Overlapped Subarrays

Open Live Script

Display the geometry of a uniform linear array having overlapped subarrays.

Create a 16-element ULA that has five 4-element subarrays. Some elements occur in more than one subarray.

h = phased.ULA(16);
ha = phased.PartitionedArray('Array',h,...
    'SubarraySelection',...
    [1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;...
    0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;...
    0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;...
    0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0;...
    0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1]);

Display the geometry of the array, highlighting all subarrays.

viewArray(ha);

Figure contains an axes object. The hidden axes object with xlabel x axis (Az 0 El 0) -->, ylabel y axis--> contains 8 objects of type scatter, line, text. This object represents Overlap.

Each color other than white represents a different subarray. White represents elements that occur in multiple subarrays.

Examine the overlapped subarrays by creating separate figures that highlight the first, second, and third subarrays. In each figure, dark blue represents the highlighted elements.

for idx = 1:3
    figure;
    viewArray(ha,'ShowSubarray',idx,...
        'Title',['Subarray #' num2str(idx)]);
end

Figure contains an axes object. The hidden axes object with xlabel x axis (Az 0 El 0) -->, ylabel y axis--> contains 7 objects of type scatter, line, text.

Input Arguments

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`array` — Phased array
System object™

Phased array, specified as a System object.

Name-Value Arguments

Specify optional pairs of arguments as Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN, where Name is the argument name and Value is the corresponding value. Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the pairs does not matter.

Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose Name in quotes.

Example: 'ShowNormals',true,'ShowIndex','All','ShowTaper',true

`Parent` — Handle to axes
real-valued scalar

Handle to the axes along which the array geometry is displayed.

`ShowNormals` — Option to show normal vectors
`false` (default) | `true`

Option to show normal directions, specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of 'ShowNormals' and a logical value.

true — show the normal directions of all elements in the array
false — plot the elements without showing normal directions

Example: false

Data Types: logical

`ShowLocalCoordinates` — Show local coordinates
`true` (default) | `false`

Logical flag specifying whether to show the local coordinate axes.

Data Types: logical

`ShowAnnotation` — Show aperture size and element spacing annotations
`true` (default) | `false`

Logical flag specifying whether to show the annotations in the UI panel of the figure. Annotation shows aperture size and element spacing based on array axis of array.

Data Types: logical

`Orientation` — Orientation of the array
`[0;0;0]` (default) | 3-by-1 column vector with real values

Orientation of the array, specified as a 3-by-1 column vector containing the rotation angles with respect to the x-, y-, and z-axes of the local coordinate system, respectively. The default value is [0;0;0].

Data Types: double

`ShowTaper` — Option to show taper magnitude
`false` (default) | `true`

Option to show taper magnitude, specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of 'ShowTaper' and a Boolean value.

true — change the element color brightness in proportion to the element taper magnitude
false — plot all elements using the same color

Example: true

Data Types: logical

`ShowIndex` — Element indices to show
`'None'` (default) | vector of positive integers | `'All'`

Element indices to show in the figure, specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of 'ShowIndex' and a vector of positive integers. Each number in the vector must be an integer between 1 and the number of elements. To show all of indices of the array, specify 'All'. To suppress all indices, specify 'None'.

Example: [1,2,3]

Data Types: double

`ShowSubarray` — Subarray indices
`'All'` (default) | index valued vector

Vector specifying the indices of subarrays to highlight in the figure. Each number in the vector must be an integer between 1 and the number of subarrays. You can also specify the value 'All' to highlight all subarrays of the array or 'None' to suppress the subarray highlighting. The highlighting uses different colors for different subarrays, and white for elements that occur in multiple subarrays.

Dependencies

The ShowSubarray name-value pair can only be used for the phased.PartitionedArray and phased.ReplicatedSubarray System objects.

Data Types: double

`Title` — Plot title
`'Array Geometry'` (default) | character vector

Plot title, specified as a character vector.

Example: 'My array plot'

Data Types: char | string

Output Arguments

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`hndl` — Handle of array elements plot
scalar

Handle of array elements plot in the figure window, returned as a scalar.

Version History

Introduced in R2021a

viewArray

Syntax

Description

Examples

Geometry and Indices of ULA Elements

Geometry, Normal Directions, and Indices of URA Elements

View Uniform Circular Array

View UCA Array

Geometry of NR Rectangular Panel Array

Geometry and Indices of Heterogeneous ULA Elements

Geometry, Normal Directions, and Indices of Heterogeneous URA Elements

Array of Replicated Hexagonal Arrays on a Sphere

Highlight Overlapped Subarrays

Input Arguments

array — Phased array System object™

Name-Value Arguments

Parent — Handle to axes real-valued scalar

ShowNormals — Option to show normal vectors false (default) | true

ShowLocalCoordinates — Show local coordinates true (default) | false

ShowAnnotation — Show aperture size and element spacing annotations true (default) | false

Orientation — Orientation of the array [0;0;0] (default) | 3-by-1 column vector with real values

ShowTaper — Option to show taper magnitude false (default) | true

ShowIndex — Element indices to show 'None' (default) | vector of positive integers | 'All'

ShowSubarray — Subarray indices 'All' (default) | index valued vector

Dependencies

Title — Plot title 'Array Geometry' (default) | character vector

Output Arguments

hndl — Handle of array elements plot scalar

Version History

`array` — Phased array
System object™

`Parent` — Handle to axes
real-valued scalar

`ShowNormals` — Option to show normal vectors
`false` (default) | `true`

`ShowLocalCoordinates` — Show local coordinates
`true` (default) | `false`

`ShowAnnotation` — Show aperture size and element spacing annotations
`true` (default) | `false`

`Orientation` — Orientation of the array
`[0;0;0]` (default) | 3-by-1 column vector with real values

`ShowTaper` — Option to show taper magnitude
`false` (default) | `true`

`ShowIndex` — Element indices to show
`'None'` (default) | vector of positive integers | `'All'`

`ShowSubarray` — Subarray indices
`'All'` (default) | index valued vector

`Title` — Plot title
`'Array Geometry'` (default) | character vector

`hndl` — Handle of array elements plot
scalar