Correctly sum image values

Question

Andy 2013-11-1

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https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/104593-correctly-sum-image-values

评论： Image Analyst 2013-11-4

采纳的回答： sixwwwwww

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I have a standard rob image

im = imread('myIm.jpg');

I want to access values within this image so that i can calculate the average for different regions. The coordinates for these rejoins are held in variables xx and yy. I have tried averaging the red, green, blue values from the image as below but instead of the sum returning a single value it returns an array of doubles. xx and yy are of size 1x1028 which is the size of the average i get back.

avRed = sum(im(xx,yy,1))/el;
avGre = sum(im(xx,yy,2))/el;
avBlu = sum(im(xx,yy,3))/el;

I want to sum up all the image values at points xx and yy, and then divide them by the number of elements el, and have the average colour value returned as a single value between 0-255 and not an array. Could anyone advise me on where i have gone wrong.

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Answer 1

sixwwwwww 2013-11-1

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https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/104593-correctly-sum-image-values#answer_113845

编辑：sixwwwwww 2013-11-1

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Dear Andy, try this:

avRed = sum(sum(im(xx,yy,1)))/el;
avGre = sum(sum(im(xx,yy,2)))/el;
avBlu = sum(sum(im(xx,yy,3)))/el;

See for more information: http://www.mathworks.de/de/help/matlab/ref/sum.html

Since in your case you have a matrix so you have to sum twice because in first summation MATLAB calculates the sum of each column individually and stores them in a row vector and in the second summation it sum this row vector which is your desired summation.

I hope it helps. Good luck!

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Image Analyst 2013-11-1

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Azzi is absolutely correct. sixwwwwwwwww made a common beginner mistake, and Andy accepted the wrong answer. See this code to illustrate:

ma=[...
   4     2     9     4
     1     3     9     9
     3     4     5     4
     2     1     5     2];
im=cat(3,ma,ma,ma) % Make it 3D, each plane the same
% Specify row 2, col1, and row 3, col 4.
xx = [2,3]; % rows, not horizontal values!!!!!
yy = [1,4];
% Note im(xx(1), yy(1), 1) = im(2, 1, 1) = 1
% Note im(xx(2), yy(2), 1) = im(3, 4, 1) = 4
% The sum would be 5, and average would be 2.5
% WARNING: xx IS ROWS, NOT COLUMNS, like you'd think!
% AND YY IS NOT ROWS (THE VERTICAL DIRECTION)- 
% IT'S THE COLUMN (HORIZONTAL DIRECTION).
values = im(xx,yy,1)
el = numel(xx)
% Azzi's code:
n=size(im);
m=ones(size(xx));
avRed = sum(im(sub2ind(n,xx,yy,m)))/el
% sixwwwwwwwwww code (doesn't work)
avRed = sum(sum(im(xx,yy,1)))/el

Andy also made a very common beginner mistake (though Azzi's code works assuming xx is rows and yy is columns). The mistake is thinking x,y = row, column. IT DOES NOT! You normally think x is the horizontal coordinate and y is the vertical coordinate. But matrices don't work that way. The first dimension is the rows - the vertical coordinate, which is y. Precisely the opposite of what one might think! So when you say im(xx,yy), xx is the row/vertical/ y coordinate, and yy is the column/horizontal/ x coordinate. So column,row = y, x, so if you have an array of x's (columns) and an array of y's (rows), you'd do this: im(y, x). You would NOT do i(x,y). Andy, does that make sense, because it's very important, and a common beginner mistake, and sometimes even trips up experienced people.

Andy 2013-11-4

Yes that makes sense, i used flipud on the image which meant that the answer i selected worked for me.

Image Analyst 2013-11-4

Flipping up/down is not going to make it magically work. It's a completely different concept. Evidently I didn't explain it well enough because you don't understand how im(xx,yy,1) gives you 4 pixel values instead of 2 pixel values.

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Answer 2

Azzi Abdelmalek 2013-11-1

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编辑：Azzi Abdelmalek 2013-11-1

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n=size(im);
m=ones(size(xx));
avRed = sum(im(sub2ind(n,xx,yy,m)))/el;
avGre = sum(im(sub2ind(n,xx,yy,2*m)))/el;
avBlu = sum(im(sub2ind(n,xx,yy,3*m)))/el;