I do something similar to this. Use keypress functions, and check to see if the current character being pressed is the enter key (carriage return).
Assuming your main GUI figure is named figure1, write this in each keypress function in your GUI:
currChar = get(handles.figure1,'CurrentCharacter');
if isequal(currChar,char(13)) %char(13) == enter key
%call the pushbutton callback
end
Note that doing this will not let you type the enter key within your edit text, since any instance of the enter key will call the push button.
