"Cannot simulate time response when internal delay model is non-casual"

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YLieven 2022-2-21

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评论： YLieven ，2022-2-23

Hello, I am trying to get the step reponse of a 3x3 MIMO system, but I get this: "Cannot simulate time response when internal delay model is non-casual". How do I fix this? I am just trying to simulate this MIMO system, like I am able to do in SIMULINK, but for some reason the same thing does not work in MATLAB. Does anyone know the solution for this?

The code I run is the following:

syms s
tau = .5;
% System (Ogunnaike and Ray distillation column):
G11 = (.66/(6.7*s + 1))*exp(-2.6*s);
G12 = (-.61/(8.64*s + 1))*exp(-3.6*s);
G13 = (-.0049/(9.06*s + 1))*exp(-s);
G21 = (1.11/(3.25*s + 1))*exp(-6.5*s);
G22 = (-2.36/(5*s + 1))*exp(-3*s);
G23 = (-.01/(7.09*s + 1))*exp(-1.2*s);
G31 = (-34.68/(8.15*s + 1))*exp(-9.2*s);
G32 = (46.2/(10.9*s + 1))*exp(-9.4*s);
G33 = (.87*(11.61*s^2 + 1)/(73.132*s^2 + 22.69*s + 1))*exp(-s);
% PID with standard values just for testing:
PID = 1:9;
PID = [PID(1) + PID(2)/s + PID(3)*s; PID(4) + PID(5)/s + PID(6)*s;PID(7) + PID(8)/s + PID(9)*s];
O11 = G11*PID(1);
O12 = G12*PID(2);
O21 = G21*PID(1);
O22 = G22*PID(2);
O13 = G13*PID(3);
O23 = G23*PID(3);
O31 = G31*PID(1);
O32 = G32*PID(2);
O33 = G33*PID(3);
TF11 = sym2tf(O11);
TF12 = sym2tf(O12);
TF21 = sym2tf(O21);
TF22 = sym2tf(O22);
TF13 = sym2tf(O13);
TF23 = sym2tf(O23);
TF31 = sym2tf(O31);
TF32 = sym2tf(O32);
TF33 = sym2tf(O33);
saida1 = TF11 + TF12;
saida2 = TF21 + TF22;
saida1 = saida1 + TF13;
saida2 = saida2 + TF23;
saida3 = TF31 + TF32 + TF33;
feed1 = feedback(saida1,1);
feed2 = feedback(saida2,1);
feed3 = feedback(saida3,1);
a = step(feed1,0:tau:100);
b = step(feed2,0:tau:100);
% The line below gives me the previously mentioned error:
c = step(feed3,0:tau:100);

The error specifically, is the following:

Any help is welcomed.

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YLieven 2022-2-23

Yes this is the exact function I used to convert a symbolic transfer function to a numerical transfer function

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Answer 1

YLieven 2022-2-23

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https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/1655325-cannot-simulate-time-response-when-internal-delay-model-is-non-casual#answer_903085

The problem was that G33 was wrong, my mistake.

G33 = (.87*(11.61*s^2 + 1)/(73.132*s^2 + 22.69*s + 1))*exp(-s);

should be

G33 = (.87*(11.61*s + 1)/(73.132*s^2 + 22.69*s + 1))*exp(-s);

Thank you Paul for your help, you provided insight that I did not know about.

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Answer 2

Paul 2022-2-22

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https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/1655325-cannot-simulate-time-response-when-internal-delay-model-is-non-casual#answer_902295

编辑：Paul 2022-2-22

It appears that the root of the problem is this line:

G33 = (.87*(11.61*s^2 + 1)/(73.132*s^2 + 22.69*s + 1))*exp(-s);

G33 has an s^2 in the numerator and the denominator, so G33 is proper, whereas all of the other G** transfer functions have denominators with higher order than the numerators, i.e. strictly proper.

TF33, which is the product of G33 and PID(3) is improper (numerator higher order than denominator), which then carries all the way to feed3. step() can't simulate the repsonse of an improper model (which Matlab also calls non-causal, but I'm not sure that's correct terminology for continuous time systems).