Way of Calculating NPCR and UACI

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Kajal Chawla
Kajal Chawla 2024-8-1
评论： Umar 2024-8-3
Can someone clear the doubt about way to calculate NPCR and UACI as some suggests to change one or more bits of each pixel value in image while otther prefers to change single pixel value in whole image and also some do by a change of single bit in key, Which is the correct way to evaluate these values?

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Saurabh
Saurabh 2024-8-1
编辑：Saurabh 2024-8-1
Hi Kajal,
I found one IEEE research paper that speaks about NPCR and UACI. The paper states that the NPCR and UACI tests changing pixels and the number of averaged intensities between plaintext images is subtle that is usually a single pixel.
The link to the official documentation page of the IEEE research paper:
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=2b479abce221135af6065f9f8352e09cbfb5733a
If you want information on how to calculate NPCR and UACI between two encrypted versions of the same image, different only by one pixel, You can refer to the below file exchange post, which is written by one of the community member:
https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/155712-npcr-and-uaci-measures-for-image-encryption?s_tid=srchtitle
I hope this was helpful.
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Umar
Umar 2024-8-3
Hi @ Kajal Chawla, no problem, glad to help out. Please let us know if you have any further questions. We will be more happy to help you.

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