Error importing matlab.engine into Python

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Evan
Evan 2015-8-12
评论： Evan 2015-8-13
I tried the solution from a previous question. I'm on OSX 10.9.5 using MatlabR2015a and Python 3.4.3 (miniconda).
>>> import os
>>> os.environ['DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH'] = '/Users/Evan/miniconda/lib/'
>>> import matlab.engine
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/Evan/miniconda/lib/python3.4/site-packages/matlab/engine/__init__.py", line 41, in <module>
pythonengine = importlib.import_module("matlabengineforpython"+_PYTHONVERSION)
File "/Users/Evan/miniconda/lib/python3.4/importlib/__init__.py", line 109, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2254, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2237, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2224, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ImportError: No module named 'matlabengineforpython3_4'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/Evan/miniconda/lib/python3.4/site-packages/matlab/engine/__init__.py", line 57, in <module>
pythonengine = importlib.import_module("matlabengineforpython"+_PYTHONVERSION)
File "/Users/Evan/miniconda/lib/python3.4/importlib/__init__.py", line 109, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2254, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2237, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 539, in _check_name_wrapper
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1715, in load_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: dlopen(/Applications/MATLAB_R2015a.app/extern/engines/python/dist/matlab/engine/maci64/matlabengineforpython3_4.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libpython3.4m.dylib
Referenced from: /Applications/MATLAB_R2015a.app/extern/engines/python/dist/matlab/engine/maci64/matlabengineforpython3_4.so
Reason: image not found
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/Users/Evan/miniconda/lib/python3.4/site-packages/matlab/engine/__init__.py", line 59, in <module>
raise EnvironmentError('The installation of MATLAB Engine for Python is '
OSError: The installation of MATLAB Engine for Python is corrupted. Please reinstall it or contact MathWorks Technical Support for assistance.

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采纳的回答

Bo Li
Bo Li 2015-8-12
This error message means that the "libpython3.4m.dylib" is not found or not compatible:
"ImportError: dlopen(/Applications/MATLAB_R2015a.app/extern/engines/python/dist/matlab/engine/maci64/matlabengineforpython3_4.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libpython3.4m.dylib"
Is there a file called "libpython3.4m.dylib" located under "/Users/Evan/miniconda/lib/"?
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Bo Li
Bo Li 2015-8-13
Python Engine links against the libpython library, that's why it does not work when libpython3.4m.dylib is not found.
The default installation of Python on Mac creates a soft link of this library in /usr/lib, which is the searched by the loader by default. You probably can create the soft link for your Python version manually so there is no need to set the environment variable.
Another way to avoid setting the environment variable DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH each time is to set it when shell is launched. For example, add the setting to the file ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bashrc.
Changing the system environment variable within Python does not work for current Python session. You may consider changing os.environ in Python and launch another Python process from current Python, but I am not sure how this works better than other ideas.
Evan
Evan 2015-8-13
Thanks for the alternate solution. I tried
sudo ln -s /Users/Evan/miniconda/lib/libpython3.4m.dylib /usr/lib
And that seems to have fixed things. However, I'm not quite comfortable modifying these types of directories manually, especially those which are root-protected, so I'm not sure if I'll leave it there.
Just out of curiosity, would it be feasible for this to be fixed from The Mathworks' end in a future release of the Matlab engine for Python? I don't know enough about this sort of thing, but it seems like it should be possible to detect that there is a non-default Python install on the system and find the appropriate library directory.

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