Yes, you can pass a matrix from C# client to MATLAB using "PutFullMatrix" function. Refer to the following documentation page that explains how to pass matrices to MATLAB from a C# client.
https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_external/call-matlab-function-from-a-c-client.html
Further, you can read the matrix into C# program using "GetFullMatrix" as illustrated in the documentation. For more information on "PutFullMatrix" and "GetFullMatrix" functions, refer to the following documentation links:
https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/putfullmatrix.html
https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/getfullmatrix.html
The example in the documentation discusses matrices with complex data. You can pass an empty SAFEARRAY as the last argument to "PutFullMatrix" function to create real matrices.
Note that the matrix sent to MATLAB from C# client cannot be a scalar, an empty array, or have more than two dimensions. To use higher dimensional matrices, reshape the matrix to a 2D matrix before sending it to the MATLAB server. Then change the dimensions back after receiving it from MATLAB.