The difficulty is not that you used anonymous functions. The difficulty is that you did the calculation in a different way.
There are patterns of operations that MATLAB can recognize, and when it finds them, it passes the data on to a high performance multi-threaded library to do the calculations. That library will divide up the work and use all available cores, and then combine the results. The exact order that it splits up the calculations can depend upon the sizes and orientation involved.
Floating point calculations round off and the round-off depends upon the order of the calculations. http://matlab.wikia.com/wiki/FAQ#Why_is_0.3_-_0.2_-_0.1_.28or_similar.29_not_equal_to_zero.3F, so the fragments sliced different ways will have different round-offs, and so the recombinations will come out differently.
