Generate random numbers with custom PDF

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Michael
Michael 2012-6-11
编辑： Walter Roberson 2018-6-10
Hi, as it may become clear I'm fairly weak on probability distributions
I want to generate a set of random numbers between 0 and 1, but able to alter the weighting of these numbers. For example if I could input some sort of "bias" parameter which determines the extent to which the numbers tend to be closer to 0 than to 1, for example.
I don't know which of MATLAB's many distributions I should use. So far I've been using the uniform distribution and taking it to the power N, but N=0.5 seems to give an entirely different PDF shape (in favour of numbers close to 1) than the intended opposite bias, N=2 (in favour of numbers close to 0). Squaring it seems to favour small numbers far more than sqrt-ing seems to favour large numbers, so I've rejected this approach as unfair.
Is there a common distribution for this? Numbers have to be between 0 and 1 and I want to take control of how close they are, on average, to either.
Thanks Mike

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回答（4 个）

Image Analyst
Image Analyst 2013-5-10
Tons of distributions are given here: http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/7309-randraw
In general, you basically compute the CDF of your PDF function and invert it. Go here for a generally applicable explanation of how to do it: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_transform_sampling
Pantelis Sopasakis
Pantelis Sopasakis 2013-5-10
You may consider using this PDFSampler. I believe, it does exactly what you need. You just need to specify how you want your samples to be distributed, e.g. you may provide their histogram.
Tom Lane
Tom Lane 2012-6-11
If you have the Statistics Toolbox, then take a look at the beta distribution. Use it with disttool to see how the parameters affect the distribution, randtool to see what a random sample from this distribution looks like, and betarnd to generate your own sample from the command line or inside a function.
Ka Mirul
Ka Mirul 2017-11-14
编辑：Walter Roberson 2018-6-10
I have create a video about generating random number in MATLAB https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MyH3-ONYL_k
Hope that will help you

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