An array in MATLAB NEEDS to be rectangular. That is a given.
So if the increment is ALWAYS 1 between elements, then the second vector must always be some integer constant greater than the first, for ALL elements. In this case, the difference is 2.
A = [1 2 3 4 5];
B = [3 4 5 6 7];
B - A
ans =
2 2 2 2 2
Given that, it is trivial to generate the result you ask for, (AND it is efficiently done too.)
C = A(:) + (0:2)
C =
1 2 3
2 3 4
3 4 5
4 5 6
5 6 7
The above works as long as you have release R2016b or later. Earlier releases would efficiently use
C = bsxfun(@plus,A(:),0:2)
C =
1 2 3
2 3 4
3 4 5
4 5 6
5 6 7
As you should see, the first solution is much cleaner and easier to read.
If some elements of B were not uniformly 2 greater than the corresponding element in A, then you would need to decide how to deal with it, since arrays in MATLAB are rectangular. You might decide to zero pad, or insert NaNs or use a cell array to store the results.
