One of the important field in Artificial Intelligence is object detection. There are many approaches in MATLAB. In my view, they are classified into three broad categories.
(1) Image processing/ComputerVision - Color Thresholding, Blob Analysis, Histogram of Gradients, Speeded-Up Robust Features.
(2) Machine Learning - Cascade Object Detector (Viola-Jones Algorithm), Aggregate Channel Features (ACF)
(3) Deep Learning - YOLO v2, R-CNN, Fast R-CNN and Faster R-CNN

In this example, it demonstrates one method from each categories to solve a real-world problem.
1) Method 1 : Image Processing - Colour Thresholding
- Learn basic image processing technique : Extract colour, Difference between Color Space, Morphologically -Open Image, Dillate Image, Calculate Object in Binary Image
- Image Processing App in MATLAB - Color Thresholder
- Limitation of this application

2) Method 2 : Aggregate Channel Features (ACF)
-Learn how to label image using Image labeler App (GUI)
-Train ACF object detector
-How to fine tune ACF accuracy (Remove low scores detection & Overlap detection)

3) Method 3 : Faster R-CNN
-Learn how to label image using Image labeler App (GUI)
-Train Faster R-CNN object detector
-How to fine tune ACF accuracy (Remove low scores detection)