step

System object: phased.ArrayResponse
Namespace: phased

Calculate array response of sensor array

Syntax

RESP = step(H,FREQ,ANG) RESP = step(H,FREQ,ANG,WEIGHTS) RESP = step(H,FREQ,ANG,STEERANGLE) RESP = step(H,FREQ,ANG,WEIGHTS,STEERANGLE) RESP = step(H,FREQ,ANG,WS)

Description

Note

Starting in R2016b, instead of using the step method to perform the operation defined by the System object™, you can call the object with arguments, as if it were a function. For example, y = step(obj,x) and y = obj(x) perform equivalent operations.

RESP = step(H,FREQ,ANG) returns the array response RESP at operating frequencies specified in FREQ and directions specified in ANG.

RESP = step(H,FREQ,ANG,WEIGHTS) applies weights WEIGHTS on the sensor array. This syntax is available when you set the WeightsInputPort property to true.

RESP = step(H,FREQ,ANG,STEERANGLE) uses STEERANGLE as the subarray steering angle. This syntax is available when you configure H so that H.Sensor is an array that contains subarrays, and H.Sensor.SubarraySteering is either 'Phase' or 'Time'.

RESP = step(H,FREQ,ANG,WEIGHTS,STEERANGLE) combines all input arguments. This syntax is available when you configure H so that H.WeightsInputPort is true, H.Sensor is an array that contains subarrays, and H.Sensor.SubarraySteering is either 'Phase' or 'Time'.

RESP = step(H,FREQ,ANG,WS) uses WS as weights applied to each element within each subarray. To use this syntax, set the SensorArray property to an array that supports subarrays and set the SubarraySteering property of the array to 'Custom'.

Note

The object performs an initialization the first time the object is executed. This initialization locks nontunable properties and input specifications, such as dimensions, complexity, and data type of the input data. If you change a nontunable property or an input specification, the System object issues an error. To change nontunable properties or inputs, you must first call the release method to unlock the object.

Input Arguments

H

Array response object.

FREQ

Operating frequencies of array in hertz. FREQ is a row vector of length L. Typical values are within the range specified by a property of the sensor element. The element is H.SensorArray.Element, H.SensorArray.Array.Element, or H.SensorArray.Subarray.Element, depending on the type of array. The frequency range property is named FrequencyRange or FrequencyVector, depending on the type of element in the array. The element has zero response at frequencies outside that range. The element has zero response at frequencies outside that range.

ANG

Directions in degrees. ANG can be either a 2-by-M matrix or a row vector of length M.

If ANG is a 2-by-M matrix, each column of the matrix specifies the direction in the form [azimuth; elevation]. The azimuth angle must be between –180 and 180 degrees, inclusive. The elevation angle must be between –90 and 90 degrees, inclusive.

If ANG is a row vector of length M, each element specifies a direction’s azimuth angle. In this case, the corresponding elevation angle is assumed to be 0.

WEIGHTS

Weights on the sensor array. WEIGHTS can be either an N-by-L matrix or a column vector of length N. N is the number of subarrays if H.SensorArray contains subarrays, or the number of elements otherwise. L is the number of frequencies specified in FREQ.

If WEIGHTS is a matrix, each column of the matrix represents the weights at the corresponding frequency in FREQ.

If WEIGHTS is a vector, the weights apply at all frequencies in FREQ.

STEERANGLE

Subarray steering angle in degrees. STEERANGLE can be a length-2 column vector or a scalar.

If STEERANGLE is a length-2 vector, it has the form [azimuth; elevation]. The azimuth angle must be between –180 and 180 degrees, and the elevation angle must be between –90 and 90 degrees.

If STEERANGLE is a scalar, it represents the azimuth angle. In this case, the elevation angle is assumed to be 0.

WS

Subarray element weights

Subarray element weights, specified as complex-valued N_SE-by-N matrix or 1-by-N cell array where N is the number of subarrays. These weights are applied to the individual elements within a subarray.

Subarray element weights

Sensor Array Subarray weights

phased.ReplicatedSubarray

All subarrays have the same dimensions and sizes. Then, the subarray weights form an N_SE-by-N matrix. N_SE is the number of elements in each subarray and N is the number of subarrays. Each column of WS specifies the weights for the corresponding subarray.

phased.PartitionedArray

Subarrays may not have the same dimensions and sizes. In this case, you can specify subarray weights as

an N_SE-by-N matrix, where N_SE is now the number of elements in the largest subarray. The first Q entries in each column are the element weights for the subarray where Q is the number of elements in the subarray.
a 1-by-N cell array. Each cell contains a column vector of weights for the corresponding subarray. The column vectors have lengths equal to the number of elements in the corresponding subarray.

Dependencies

To enable this argument, set the SensorArray property to an array that contains subarrays and set the SubarraySteering property of the array to 'Custom'.

Output Arguments

RESP

Voltage response of the sensor array. The response depends on whether the EnablePolarization property is set to true or false.

If the EnablePolarization property is set to false, the voltage response, RESP, has the dimensions M-by-L. M represents the number of angles specified in the input argument ANG while L represents the number of frequencies specified in FREQ.
If the EnablePolarization property is set to true, the voltage response, RESP, is a MATLAB^® struct containing two fields, RESP.H and RESP.V. The RESP.H field represents the array’s horizontal polarization response, while RESP.V represents the array’s vertical polarization response. Each field has the dimensions M-by-L. M represents the number of angles specified in the input argument, ANG, while L represents the number of frequencies specified in FREQ.

Examples

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Array Response of ULA

Open Live Script

Find the response of a 6-element uniform linear array operating at 1 GHz. The array elements are spaced one-half wavelength apart. The incident signal direction is 45° azimuth and 10° elevation. Obtain the response at this direction.

fc = 1e9;
lambda = physconst('LightSpeed')/fc;

Create the ULA array.

array = phased.ULA('NumElements',6,'ElementSpacing',lambda/2);

Create the array response System object™.

response = phased.ArrayResponse('SensorArray',array);
resp = response(fc,[45;10]);