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群延迟和相位延迟

滤波器的群延迟是作为频率的函数的滤波器的平均时滞的一个测量。群延迟定义为滤波器的相位响应的负一阶导数。如果滤波器的复频率响应为 H(ejω),则群延迟为

τg(ω)=-dθ(ω)dω,

其中 θ(ω)H(ejω) 的相位或参量。使用 grpdelay 函数计算滤波器的群延迟。例如,验证对于线性相位 FIR 滤波器,群延迟是滤波器阶数的一半。

fs = 2000;
b = fir1(20,200/(fs/2));

islinphase(b)
ans = logical
   1

grpdelay(b,1,[],fs)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title Group Delay, xlabel Frequency (Hz), ylabel Group delay (samples) contains an object of type line.

滤波器的相位延迟定义为相位的负值除以频率:

τp(ω)=-θ(ω)ω.

使用 phasedelay 函数计算滤波器的相位延迟。对于上例的线性相位 FIR 滤波器,相位延迟等于群延迟。

phasedelay(b,1,[],fs)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title Phase Delay, xlabel Frequency (Hz), ylabel Phase delay (rad/Hz) contains an object of type line.

绘制一个五阶巴特沃斯低通滤波器的群延迟和相位延迟。

[b,a] = butter(5,200/(fs/2));

grpdelay(b,a,[],fs)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title Group Delay, xlabel Frequency (Hz), ylabel Group delay (samples) contains an object of type line.

phasedelay(b,a,[],fs)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title Phase Delay, xlabel Frequency (Hz), ylabel Phase delay (rad/Hz) contains an object of type line.

另请参阅

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