Frequency Domain Filtering by Convolution Theorem

Question

Matthew Worker 2021-10-15

0
链接

此问题的直接链接

https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/1564506-frequency-domain-filtering-by-convolution-theorem

评论： Rena Berman 2021-12-8

So the program works but i get warning messages, i attached the imag as well

%% 4. Perform frequency domain filtering by Convolution Theorem 
%a)perform frequency filtering using im,imz and lpfz according to the procedure given
%first figure: f and gp
% second figure: fp to the IDFT result
% Step1: Given an input image f(x,y) of size M x N, obtain the pading
% parameters P and Q. Typically, we select P = 2M and Q = 2N
imm=imread('skull.jpg');                         
im=imresize(imm,[226 187]);                      
% Converting the image class into "double"
b = im2double(im);
% reading the image size
[m,n] = size(b);
% creating a null array of size 2m X 2n
c = zeros(2*m,2*n);
% reading the size of the null array
[p,q] = size(c);
% Step 2: appdending the original image with the null array to create a padding image 
for i = 1:p
    for j = 1:q
        if i <= m && j<= n
            c(i,j) = b(i,j);
        else
            c(i,j) = 0;
        end
    end
end
imshow(b);title('original image');
figure;
imshow(c);title('padded image');
% Step 3
% creating a null array of size p X q 
d = zeros(p,q);
% Multiplying the padded image with (-1)^(x+y)
for i = 1:p
    for j = 1:q
        d(i,j) = c(i,j).*(-1).^(i + j);
    end
end
figure;
imshow(d);title('pre processed image for calculating DFT');
% Step 4 
% Computing the 2D DFT using "fft2" matlab command
e = fft2(d);
figure;imshow(e);title('2D DFT of the pre processed image');
% Step 5
% Generating the Real, Symmetric Filter Function
% Here we will implement a "Low Pass Filter" using "freqspace" matlab command
[x,y] = freqspace(p,'meshgrid');
z = zeros(p,q);
for i = 1:p
    for j = 1:q
        z(i,j) = sqrt(x(i,j).^2 + y(i,j).^2);
    end
end
% Choosing the Cut off Frequency and hence defining the low pass filter mask 
H = zeros(p,q);
for i = 1:p
    for j = 1:q
        if z(i,j) <= 0.4  % here 0.4 is the cut-off frequency of the LPF
            H(i,j) = 1;
        else
            H(i,j) = 0;
        end
    end
end
figure;imshow(H);title('Low Pass Filter Mask');
% Step 6:Form the product G(u,v) = H(u,v)F(u,v) using array multiplication
% Obtain the processed image from the previous program lines we know that, 
% e : the 2D DFT output of pre processed image
% H : the mask for Low Pass Filter
% let out is the variable 
h1 = e.*H;
figure;
imshow(h1);title('Low passed output');
% Step 7: gp(x,y) = {real{inverse DFT[G(u,v)]}(-1)^(x+y)
% calculation of inverse 2D DFT of the "out"
h2 = ifft2(h1);
figure;
imshow(h2);title('output image after inverse 2D DFT');
% post process operation 
h3 = zeros(p,q);
for i = 1:p
    for j = 1:q
        h3(i,j) = h2(i,j).*((-1).^(i+j));
    end
end
figure;
imshow(h3);title('Post Processed image');
% Step 8: Obtain the final processed result g(x,y) by extracting the M X N region from the top, left quadrant of gp(x,y)
% let the smoothed image (or low pass filtered image) be "out"
out = zeros(m,n);
for i = 1:m
    for j = 1:n
        out(i,j) = h3(i,j);
    end
end
figure;
imshow([b out]);title('input image                 output image');
%b)Why do you multiply by (-1)^x+y ? If you omit both of these steps, explain how the final result will be affected.
%If we did not multiply by (-1)^x+y in order to better see the result. 
%If we had not we would have had to apply the shift function to see the result of the fourier transform Fp

and this is the message i get, is it an error because i did something wrong or can i leave it as it is?

Warning: Displaying real part of complex input. 
> In images.internal.imageDisplayValidateParams>validateCData (line 146)
In images.internal.imageDisplayValidateParams (line 30)
In images.internal.imageDisplayParseInputs (line 79)
In imshow (line 253)
In script (line 84) 
Warning: Displaying real part of complex input. 
> In images.internal.imageDisplayValidateParams>validateCData (line 146)
In images.internal.imageDisplayValidateParams (line 30)
In images.internal.imageDisplayParseInputs (line 79)
In imshow (line 253)
In script (line 116) 
Warning: Displaying real part of complex input. 
> In images.internal.imageDisplayValidateParams>validateCData (line 146)
In images.internal.imageDisplayValidateParams (line 30)
In images.internal.imageDisplayParseInputs (line 79)
In imshow (line 253)
In script (line 122) 
Warning: Displaying real part of complex input. 
> In images.internal.imageDisplayValidateParams>validateCData (line 146)
In images.internal.imageDisplayValidateParams (line 30)
In images.internal.imageDisplayParseInputs (line 79)
In imshow (line 253)
In script (line 131) 
Warning: Displaying real part of complex input. 
> In images.internal.imageDisplayValidateParams>validateCData (line 146)
In images.internal.imageDisplayValidateParams (line 30)
In images.internal.imageDisplayParseInputs (line 79)
In imshow (line 253)
In script (line 142) 