"OR gives invalid results"
Actually OR gives exactly the expected result.
"Can anyone clarify why it outputs 12 instead of 22?"
Following the rules of precedence given here:
we can see that EQ has a higher precedence than short-circuiting ||, so your code
left == 1 || 3
is equivalent to:
(left == 1) || 3
which will always be TRUE because 3 is non-zero and so is considered TRUE.
"Its very simple but i dont get the correct results"
Yet MATLAB is just doing exactly what you told it to do. You need to pay attention to the operator precedence!
