You can do something like the code below. please note that Ylabel is a child of YAxis that's why the label move along with the axis.
You can play with Positon proptery of label to further customize the behaviour.
subplot(4,1,1);
x = linspace(0,10);
y1 = sin(x);
plot(x,y1)
la1=ylabel('first');
old_values1 = la1.Position;
hAxis = gca;
hAxis.YAxisLocation = 'right';
la1.Position = [x(1)-0.7 old_values1(2) old_values1(3)];
box off;
subplot(4,1,2);
y2 = sin(5*x);
plot(x,y2)
la2=ylabel('second');
subplot(4,1,3);
x = linspace(0,10);
y1 = cos(x);
plot(x,y1)
la3=ylabel('third');
old_values3 = la3.Position;
hAxis = gca;
hAxis.YAxisLocation = 'right';
la3.Position = [x(1)-0.7 old_values3(2) old_values3(3)];
box off;
subplot(4,1,4);
y2 = sin(2*x);
plot(x,y2)
ylabel('fourth')
