Error creating structure field names with a for loop

Question

Allen Hammack 2022-6-30

0
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此问题的直接链接

https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/1751610-error-creating-structure-field-names-with-a-for-loop

评论： Allen Hammack 2022-7-28

I have several directories that each contain multiple .txt0 files that I am trying to process. (For the sake of this question, these .txt0 files are empty files because I'm only concerned with a problem concerning the file names.) Each file in my directories contains one of the following character strings:

id = ["RS","LS" "OC" "RR" "RL" "LR" "LL" ...
    "1A" "2A" "3A" "4A" "5A" "6A" "7A" "8A" "9A"...
    "1B" "2B" "3B" "4B" "5B" "6B" "7B" "8B" "9B"...
    "1C" "2C" "3C" "4C" "5C" "6C" "7C" "8C" "9C"]';

I would like to create a separate field in a structure named "data" for each .txt0 file in each directory. So, in one directory I have three .txt0 files - 1A.txt0, 3B.txt0, 9C.txt0. I would like to programmatically create three fields in the structure "data" (so, data.1A, data.3B, data.9C). I have tried the following script

data{1}.files = dir(fullfile(pwd,'*.txt0'));
id = ["RS","LS" "OC" "RR" "RL" "LR" "LL" ...
    "1A" "2A" "3A" "4A" "5A" "6A" "7A" "8A" "9A"...
    "1B" "2B" "3B" "4B" "5B" "6B" "7B" "8B" "9B"...
    "1C" "2C" "3C" "4C" "5C" "6C" "7C" "8C" "9C"]';
for j = 1:length(data{1}.files)
    data_vel{1}.file_name{j,1} = data_vel{1}.velocity_files(j).name;
    data_vel{1}.(data_vel{1}.file_name{j})
end

which produces the following error:

Unrecognized field name "1A.txt0".

My script finds the files okay:

>> data{1}.files
ans = 
  3×1 struct array with fields:
    name
    folder
    date
    bytes
    isdir
    datenum

I have no idea what is wrong with my script. Can someone please help?

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Stephen23 2022-7-1

编辑：Stephen23 2022-7-1

在 MATLAB Online 中打开

"I have no idea what is wrong with my script. "

You are forcing (meta-)data into fieldnames, which as you have found out is fragile/buggy and inefficient.

Much better approach: store (meta-)data as data in its own right, in a variable/field/.... This you can do simply and easily in an array using simple and efficient indexing, for example indexing into a structure array:

S(1).data = ..
S(1).name = ..
S(2).data = ..
S(2).name = 
etc.

https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_prog/access-multiple-elements-of-a-nonscalar-struct-array.html

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Answer 1

Steven Lord 2022-6-30

1
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此回答的直接链接

https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/1751610-error-creating-structure-field-names-with-a-for-loop#answer_997730

The first character of a struct field name must be a letter. Later characters can be digits, but not the first one.

You could simply append a letter to the beginning of each file's name when assigning and when retrieving the struct field. Or if the file names could contain other characters not allowed in a struct field name (allowed characters are letters, digits, and the underscore character) use matlab.lang.makeValidName to ensure they are valid struct field names.