Lotka volterra phase portrait MATLAB

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Beth
Beth 2015-2-15
回答： Mahdiar Sadeghi 2018-2-6
I'm confused by the quiver and ode45 functions used to plot phase portraits. I want you use MATLAB to plot the isoclines and closed phase plane trajectories to model the predator-prey Lotka-Volterra system of equations:
dx/dt=alpha * x - beta * x * y
dy/dt=delta * x * y - gamma * y
Thank you.

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回答（1 个）

Mahdiar Sadeghi
Mahdiar Sadeghi 2018-2-6
Note that ode45 is gives the solution of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) over time with respect to its initial condition. While quiver displays velocity vectors as arrows with components (u,v) at the points (x,y). So one way of using MATLAB to plot phase portrait of the predator-prey Lotka-Volterra system can be (for the case α=β=δ=γ=1):
%specify the region of the plot for vector plot
[x1, x2] = meshgrid(-1:0.2:3, -1:.2:3);
x1dot = x1 - x2 .*x1; %Note the use of .* and .^
x2dot = x1 .* x2 - x2;
%first plot the vector plot with quiver
figure
quiver(x1,x2,x1dot, x2dot)
% predator-prey Lotka-Volterra system
f = @(t,y) [y(1) - y(1)*y(2); y(1)*y(2) - y(2)];
hold on
%calculate the phase trajectories for different initial conditions
for y0=0:.7:2.8
[ts, ys] = ode45(f,[0, 8], [y0/2, y0]);
% plot of closed loop phase trajectories
plot(ys(:,1), ys(:,2))
end
hold off
xlabel('x')
ylabel('y')
This UMD link might be helpful for further reading and examples.

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