Log scale graphic with negative value

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Camil Hamel
Camil Hamel 2011-2-22
回答： Alexandre HYAFIL 2017-4-13
I want to plot a graphic with data that varies over many order (from 10e-4 to 10e-8) with some positive and negative values. Using 'semilog' or 'set xaxis log' can't plot my negative values (witch is normal). When I plot with a normal scale, we don't really see the variability of my datas, we only see the very high values and all the small one are not very visible because there are to close to zero. What would you suggest me to be able to show all my data (even the negative values) and be able to show the variability (like on a log-scale graph). Thank you

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Matt Tearle
Matt Tearle 2011-2-24
Oookay, I think I have it. If you're going to do this a lot, you may want to make yourself your own function. So, see if this does it for you:
function negsemilogx(x,y)
% Do log10 but keep sign
xlog = sign(x).*log10(abs(x));
% Just to get axis limits
plot(xlog,y,'o')
% Get limits
lims = xlim;
wdth = diff(lims);
% Wrap negative data around to positive side
xlog(xlog<0) = xlog(xlog<0) + wdth;
% Plot
plot(xlog,y,'o')
% Mess with ticks
tck = get(gca,'XTick')';
% Shift those that were wrapped from negative to positive (above) back
% to their original values
tck(tck>lims(2)) = tck(tck>lims(2)) - wdth;
% Convert to string, then remove any midpoint
tcklbl = num2str(tck);
tcklbl(tck==lims(2),:) = ' ';
% Update tick labels
set(gca,'XTickLabel',tcklbl)
Then to try it out:
>> x = -100:100;
>> y = x.^3;
>> negsemilogx(x,y)
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Matt Tearle
Matt Tearle 2011-2-25
Out of curiosity, what was still missing/wrong?
Camil Hamel
Camil Hamel 2011-2-25
I changed the wdth selection by making it wdth=abs(min(negative data))+max(positive data). I put my zero at wdth/2. My graph look more smooth, there is not a so big area without data in the middle. I also customize all the tick part of the code making it automatic and adapted to my data. But I really just added a little to what you suggested me.

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更多回答（7 个）

Richard
Richard 2011-2-22
When you choose "log" as the scale for an axis, Matlab either chooses to use log10(x) or -log10(-x) as the transform, depending on whether your data is in the positive or negative domain. As you've found, you can't have both at the same time because both halves map data into the [-inf inf] space.
You can play with your own transforms by transforming the data yourself and at the same time manipulating the XTickLabel property of the axes so that you show untransformed data values. For example, this splices the normal negative and positive transforms, (with the singularity at 0 untransformed):
x = -100:100;
y = x.^3;
xt = x;
xt(xt>0) = log10(1+xt(xt>0));
xt(xt<0) = -log10(1-xt(xt<0));
figure;
ax = axes;
plot(xt,y);
set(ax, 'XTick', [-2 -1 0 1 2], ...
'XTickLabel', {'-100', '-10', '0', '10', '100'});
  1 个评论
njj1
njj1 2016-6-2
Great answer. I didn't know about the transform (though it's quite obvious in hindsight). My problem has been dealing with small numbers in the log10 domain. In this case, if you simply try to transform the data using a sign(x)*log10(abs(x)), then there are problems, as the exponents are negative. Hence, the plot is pretty jacked because small negative numbers are changed into positive numbers and small positive numbers are changed into negative numbers. Anyways, thanks!

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Matt Tearle
Matt Tearle 2011-2-22
Richard pretty much beat me to it. Here's a slightly more automated way to get the tick marks. However, unfortunately there's no TeX markup for tick labels, so you'll have to choose how you want them to appear -- plain exponent values (2, 3, 4, etc), values written out in full (100, 1000, etc), or some scientific notation (but without TeX markup, eg "10^3" or "1e3")
% Make some fake data
n = 1:20;
y = factorial(n);
y(2:2:end) = -y(2:2:end);
% Bad plot
plot(n,y,'o')
% Transform
ylog = sign(y).*log10(abs(y));
figure
plot(n,ylog,'o')
% Do nothing else to get just exponents. Otherwise:
yt = get(gca,'YTick')';
set(gca,'YTickLabel',num2str(sign(yt).*10.^abs(yt)))
% Or, for scientific notation
set(gca,'YTickLabel',strcat('10^',cellstr(num2str(abs(yt)))))
Matt Tearle
Matt Tearle 2011-2-22
Dumb question, but is there any reason you can't just look at the absolute values? ( abs in MATLAB)
Camil Hamel
Camil Hamel 2011-2-22
I can't look at the absolute value because I have to show and upward (positive) or downward (negative) flux. I tried with the absolute value and plotting with a different colour for negative value. The problem was that my mean data are between a 2.5% and a 97,5% that are sometime positive sometime negative. By taking the absolute value, my mean line values where not between the 2,5% and 97,5% lines because sometime the 2,5% was a negative value (large value). This value in absolute value was higher than the 97,5% witch was positive (small value).
Camil Hamel
Camil Hamel 2011-2-23
The figure I have now
x |
x |
x |
x |
| x
| x
| x
| x
| | | | |
-8 -2 0 2 8
meaning
10^-8 10^-2 0 -10^-2 -10^-8
positive data |negative data
__________________________
The figure I would like to have
| x
| x
| x
|x
x|
x |
x |
x |
| | | | |
2 8 -8 -2
meaning
-10^-2 -10^-8 0 10^-8 10^-2
negative data|positive data
Thank you for the answers. I did as Matt said giving the first figure.
I hope you understand the figure I made with my attempt at drawing.
All my data in between -10^-8 , -10^-2 and 10^-2 , 10^-8. So I have to kind of get the value of the zero outside and having my maximum value (10^-8) in the centre of the figure. After that I could change the xticklabel as I want it.
I want to get a figure looking like the second one. Would that be possible and how?
Thank you very much
Kilbock Lee
Kilbock Lee 2013-11-11
I think my way is easier using logical operation true false.
Assuming the matrix is P(x,y),
LogP=((P > 0).*log10(P))+(-(P<0).*log10(-P))
and then, plot LogP
First term converts positive values into log scale and Second term does the negative values
Alexandre HYAFIL
Alexandre HYAFIL 2017-4-13
Hi everyone,
I have just written a code that replots all the elements in your figure in negative/positive log-scale. It's for the Y axis but could be very simply adapted for the X axis: http://fr.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/62549-yscale-symlog
To use it: x = ... y = ... plot(x,y, ...); yscale_symlog;
Hope it will work for you!

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