explanation of ode45 for constant force

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Ajinkya 2023-1-23

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编辑： Sam Chak 2023-1-24

I am implementing the shm equation ( m x'' + c x' + k x = F0) in matlab using ode45. The RHS is a constant force (F0). I am still getting an oscillatory response. The steady state response is equal to the static deformation. What is confusing me are the oscillations. What a force with constant magnitude result in an oscillatory response. Is my implementation wrong or my understanding of physics?

The sample code is shown below.

function dydt = sdof_fun(t,y,m,k,c,F)
dydt(1) = y(2);
dydt(2) = (F/m) - (k/m)*y(1) - (c/m)*y(2);
dydt = dydt(:);
end
[t,w] = ode45(@(t,y) sdof_fun(t,y,m,k,c,F),tspan,ic);

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Ajinkya 2023-1-23

Oh, Is that the free vibration response (response of the Homogeneous equation)?

Torsten 2023-1-23

编辑：Torsten 2023-1-23

It depends on the zeros of the characteristic equation

m*x^2 + c*x + k = 0

what kind of response you get (especially the sign of the discriminant disc = c^2 - 4*k*m).

So check your constants.

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Answer 1

Sam Chak 2023-1-24

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此回答的直接链接

https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/1899095-explanation-of-ode45-for-constant-force#answer_1154890

编辑：Sam Chak 2023-1-24

在 MATLAB Online 中打开

Hi @Ajinkya

Analysis shows that the steady-state value of

of the linear system is given by

.

In your case, I guess that the oscillatory response is observed because

. If so, then try extending the simulation time long enough until you see the response converges to

.

Another way is to check the value of the system's damping ratio, given by

.

If the damping ratio value is very small, then the oscillations die out very slowly. If

, then a critically-damped response will be observed.

The following example shows the convergence, with

so that the oscillations die out faster.

m = 11; % change to 49/20 to observe a critically-damped response

c = 7;

k = 5;

F = 3;

params = [m c k F];

tspan = 0:0.01:30;

ic = [-1 0];

[t, y] = ode45(@(t, y) sdof_fun(t, y, params), tspan, ic);

plot(t, y(:,1), 'linewidth', 1.5), grid on

xlabel('t'), ylabel('y')

title('System Response')

function dydt = sdof_fun(t, y, params)

m = params(1);

c = params(2);

k = params(3);

F = params(4);

dydt(1) = y(2);

dydt(2) = (F/m) - (k/m)*y(1) - (c/m)*y(2);

dydt = dydt(:);

end

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