"I applied white color [1 1 1]."
Your code doesn't match what you say. You have divided the values by 255, which is doesn't correspond to the white color.
(I have not taken a look at the rest of your code)
number = [78;79;80;81;82;83;84;85;86;87;88]';
value = [4509;5239;6400;9074;11047;13147;15137;13909;6354;1152;183]';
f = figure;
p = pie(value);
pText = findobj(p,'Type','text');
percentValues = get(pText,'String');
delete(f)
pcts = regexp(percentValues, '\d*', 'match');
pcts = cellfun(@(x)str2double(x), pcts);
idx = pcts<7;
combine = number(idx);
pctv = pcts(idx);
percentVals = compose(' (%d%%)',pcts(~idx));
percentVals{end+1} = [' (' num2str(sum(pctv)) '%)'];
nrc = compose('%d ', number(~idx)).';
nrc{end+1} = [num2str(combine) ' '];
cattxt = cellfun(@(x,y)cat(2,x,y),nrc, percentVals, 'Unif',0);
pText(numel(cattxt)+1:end) = [];
value2 = [value(~idx) sum(value(idx))];
figure
p = pie(value2);
pPatch = findobj(p, 'Type','Patch');
cm = colormap(turbo(numel(pPatch)));
%Corrected value
cm1 = [1 1 1]; % white color to a pie slice
cm(end,:) = cm1;
pText = findobj(p,'Type','text');
percentValues = get(pText,'String');
for k = 1:numel(cattxt)
pPatch(k).FaceColor = cm(k,:);
pText(k).String = [];
end
legend(cattxt, 'Location','eastoutside','FontSize',12)
