I attempted to perform an update via the command line as well, but unfortunately, there wasn't a straightforward method available as a direct download link for the update file is not available.
Although direct command-line updates are not available, you can obtain the update via the GUI. Subsequently, you can proceed with a non-interactive, silent installation from the terminal by adhering to the following guidelines :
You can also refer this question for performing silent updates on older versions of MATLAB:
