If you want 1 year and 5 year ticks both at the same time then you would be wanting the 1 year ticks to be Minor Ticks and the 5 year ticks to be the major ticks. See http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/97759-how-do-i-add-minor-ticks-to-a-graph for information about setting minor ticks.
For the 5 year ticks:
tick5 = datenum(1930:5:2014,1,1);
set(gca, 'xtick', tick5);
datetick('x', 'yyyy', 'keepticks');
