You can save images using save(). Or imwrite() or print() or saveas(). Or you can get fancier and use SQL or one of the Microsoft databases.
Unless your data is intended to be used in a high-performance system (e.g., recognizing people in a crowd), save() or imwrite() is probably fine.
How does your situation define "matches or not" ? Is it exact pixel comparison? Same object, same lighting, but perhaps a different size or orientation? (e.g., when scanning an ID badge the distance and angle might not be exactly the same.) You need to be able to identify individual Muppets in a crowd scene from The Muppet Show? You need to be able to scan in an MRS (Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy) FID from a patient and have the spectrum automatically classified as to thyroid cancer stage? You need to match astronomical photographs taken anywhere in the solar system against the astronomical database to figure out exactly which stars in the picture are which?
