How can I delete variables in my MAT-file without loading them into MATLAB 7.2 (R2006a)?

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MathWorks Support Team 2015-11-10

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https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/254048-how-can-i-delete-variables-in-my-mat-file-without-loading-them-into-matlab-7-2-r2006a

回答： David szpliman 2018-9-19

I would like to delete variables in a MAT-file without loading them into MATLAB first.

For example, I have a file called myFile.mat which contains many variables resulting in a large MAT-file which is slow to load. I don't need all of the variables in the file.

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Answer 1

MathWorks Support Team 2015-11-10

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RemoveVariableFromMatFile.c

MATLAB itself does not offer any functionality for deleting a particular variable from a MAT file.

However the MAT FILE API provides the matDeleteVariable function which allows you to delete a variable from a MAT file by its name. You can create a small MEX function in order to call matDeleteVariable. An example is attached.

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Matt J 2017-7-28

编辑：Matt J 2017-7-28

It would also be nice to have a way of renaming variables in MAT files. Is there any API function to allow that?

Matt J 2017-7-28

在 MATLAB Online 中打开

I tweaked the code to allow multiple variables to be deleted in a single call, in case anyone finds it useful.

#include "mex.h"
#include "mat.h"
/* This function removes one or more variables from a MAT file
 * Compile it with
 * >>mex rmvarMatfileMEX.c
 * Afterwards call it with
 * >> rmvarMatfileMEX(FILENAME_WITH_EXTENSION,...variables....)
 * e.g.
 * >> rmvarMatfileMEX('MyFile.mat','var1','var2',...)
 */ 
void mexFunction( int nlhs, mxArray *plhs[], int nrhs, const mxArray *prhs[])
{
    MATFile *f;
    char *filename;
    char *vname;
    int tmp;
      if (nrhs >= 2 )
      {
              if (!mxIsChar(prhs[0]) || !mxIsChar(prhs[0]))
              {
                  mexErrMsgIdAndTxt("RemoveVariableFromMatFile:ClassInputArguments","This function expects the inputs to be char."); 
              }
              filename = mxArrayToString(prhs[0]);
              f =  matOpen(filename,"u");
              if (f == NULL)
              {
                  mxFree(filename);
                  mexErrMsgIdAndTxt("RemoveVariableFromMatFile:UnableToOpenFile","Could not open file. Make sure the file exists and is accessible.");  
              }
              for (int i=1;i<nrhs;i++)
              {
                      vname = mxArrayToString(prhs[i]);
                      tmp = matDeleteVariable(f,vname);
                      if ( tmp != 0)
                      {
                          mexWarnMsgIdAndTxt("RemoveVariableFromMatFile:UnableToDeleteVariable","Could not delete variable. Make sure that the variable exists.");     
                      }
                      mxFree(vname);
                      vname=NULL;
              }
              matClose(f);
              mxFree(filename);
       }
  }