How to generate vector of n random numbers between 0 and 1 to x decimal places?

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TLY
TLY 2016-3-21
回答： Roger Stafford 2016-3-21
Hello! I'd like to generate a vector of n random numbers between 0 and 1 that sum to 1 to x decimal places. Based on other community answers, I created the following function but due to rounding error, the sum of the numbers doesn't always sum to 1 (e.g. it may sum to 0.99 or 1.02). Right now, my workaround idea is to offset the difference by subtracting this value (e.g. -0.01 or +0.02) from one of the vector's elements, but I was wondering if there is a cleaner way to do this. Thanks for any help you can provide!
In this case, x = 2.
function [scenarioProbabilities] = generateScenarioProbabilities(n)
% Generates probability of realization for each scenario
for i = 1:n
scenarioProbabilities = rand(n, 1);
sumOfProbabilities = sum(scenarioProbabilities);
scenarioProbabilities = roundn(bsxfun(@rdivide, scenarioProbabilities, sumOfProbabilities),-2);
end
end

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回答（1 个）

Roger Stafford
Roger Stafford 2016-3-21
You might be interested in the function I wrote for the File Exchange:
http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/9700-random-vectors-with-fixed-sum

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