Historically, using 0 as a seed for MATLAB's random number generators meant, under the hood, "use the special seed that MATLAB uses at startup". It did not mean to literally use the value zero as a seed, because for one thing, 0 was not a valid seed for most of those generators. 'twister', starting in R14 or so, was the one exception to that, 0 meant 0. You probably used 0 in your code because all the older generators had that convenience built in. But to my knowledge, the documentation actually never showed that -- always 5489 or something else non-zero.
Beginning in R2008a (or thereabouts), the Mersenne Twister that you get via the RandStream class, and therefore via the RNG function, goes back to the old meaning for 0: "use the seed that MATLAB uses at startup", which happens to be 5489, the seed that for whatever reasons, the MT designers used as their default.
So the short answer is that you can't directly use RNG to duplicate the effect of rand('twister', 0). 0 for the MT is the only case of this. The longer answer is that you could use the old code, read the state using the old syntax, and muck around with the structure that you get back from RNG. But I recommend not getting into those low-level details.
