There are two ways I believe we can do this:
1)MinGW is a third party compiler and treat it as a third party software, it is not necessary for you to download the compiler from within MATLAB. If you download the correct version compatible with MATLAB, you will be able to use the compiler.You can then store the downloaded compiler in a network location and install it in all the machines.
2)If you are using Windows, there is a way to install using DOS prompt. Please look at the following link for information regarding running MATLAB from DOS prompt:
From DOS prompt you can run the following command:
matlab -r hwconnectinstaller.launchInstaller('SupportCategory','software');
It will start MATLAB and open up the AddOns manager. You can un-select the filters and from the search bar present in the addons manager, look for "MinGW" compiler and follow the steps to download the compiler.
