"How can I solve the " Index exceeds matrix dimensions" "
Easy, don't index past the matrix dimensions!
Since we have no idea of the size of your variables, it's impossible for us to know which part of the code is at fault. Either ID has less than 511 rows or columns, or filter has less than 5 rows or columns.
Certainly, one way to make sure you don't loop past the dimension of a matrix is not to hardcode these sizes but to ask matlab about them:
for v = 2:size(ID, 2)
for u = 2:size(ID, 1)
%...
for i = 1:size(filter, 1)
for j = 1:size(filter, 2) %did you notice that the outer loops iterate over columns first, but inner loops iterate over rows first?
%...
However, since all you're doing is a convolution, you could just not bother with the loops and simply use conv2:
IDX = conv2(ID, filter, 'valid');
will produce the same result in just on line.
Other thing: don't use sum as a variable name, it's already the name of a very useful matlab function. So is filter. You won't be able to use either if you have variables with the same name.
