First try the general machine learning algorithms to classify such as Support Vector Machines. The following example would be similar to what you want to do:
- Digit Classification Using HOG Features https://www.mathworks.com/help/vision/examples/digit-classification-using-hog-features.html
If you are not satisfied with your classification results, and you have a lot of image data, consider to use Deep Learning. The easiest way to get started is to use the pre-trained model such as alexnet:
- Pretrained Convolutional Neural Network https://www.mathworks.com/help/nnet/ug/install-trained-convolutional-deep-network.html
If you want to use more complex ones, see the examples in the documentation first.
