Matlab error message is certainly not helpful.
The issue you have is that there is an invisible unicode control character (U+202A, which is meant to force text to be interpreted as left-to-right) before your first '. I can't tell you how it got there, it's been created by whatever you've copied the string from.
The fix: type the first part of the command and only copy/paste the path itself without the enclosing quotes. You should obtain the following which, although looking the same, does not contain the offending invisible character:
fileID =fopen('C:\Users\Emma Vos\Documents\MIWB\OT4\GE\1_16 jaar data.csv','r'); %This string has no invisible control characters
