How can I split a vector?

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Stephanie Diaz 2017-6-2

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https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/343104-how-can-i-split-a-vector

评论： Stephanie Diaz 2017-6-5

采纳的回答： Guillaume

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Hi,

I have a vector that looks something like:

v=[1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4,1,2,3]

I need to separate this vector into chunks of 1-n, with n being less than 1. So in the above example, this vector would be separated into the following:

[1,2,3,4] [1,2,3,4] [1,2,3]

I then have to count the number of elements in each of these, like:

[4] [4] [3]

These values can then be stored in another vector. How can I achieve this?

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Walter Roberson 2017-6-2

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If you had

[ 3 4 2 3]

then how would you know if the breakpoints should be

[3 4] [2 3]

or

[3 4], [2], [3]

since the 2 might be "started a new cycle that happens to contain only one element" followed by "started a new cycle that happens to contain only one element" ?

Is it the case that a value followed by a smaller value always signals the end of a cycle, but that a value followed by a greater value never signals the end of a cycle? Is it as simple, in other words, as looking for places where a value is followed by a smaller value?

Stephanie Diaz 2017-6-5

Hi @Walter, the breakpoint will always be a value of 1. I can never have "[3423]" because the numbers will always start at 1 and ascend, but can end at any value.

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Answer 1

Guillaume 2017-6-3

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As you haven't answered Walter's answer it's difficult to know what you want exactly. Assuming you want to split your vector in monotonically increasing sequences, then:

v=[1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4,1,2,3]
seqlengths = diff([0, find(diff(v) < 0), numel(v)])
sequences = mat2cell(v, 1, seqlengths)

Note: the same algorithm also works for Phil's answer which assumes that a sequence starts at 1.

seqlengths = diff([find(v == 1)  - 1, numel(v)]) %assumes that first sequence starts with 1
sequences = mat2cell(v, 1, seqlengths)

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Guillaume 2017-6-5

It basically finds where the transition between the sequences occur. In the first case, it's when the difference between two consecutive numbers is negative, in the second case it's just before a 1. The difference between the indices of these transitions is thus the length of each sequence.

Stephanie Diaz 2017-6-5

@Guillaume got it, thanks!

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Answer 2

Phil 2017-6-3

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I think the following function will do what you want i.e. take a vector and split it wherever a 1 occurs:

 function splitVectors = getSplitVectors(originalVector)
     splitIndexes = find(originalVector==1);
     numSplits = numel(splitIndexes);
     splitVectors = cell(numSplits, 1);
     for i=1:numSplits-1
         splitVectors{i} = originalVector(splitIndexes(i):splitIndexes(i+1)-1);
     end
    splitVectors{numSplits} = originalVector(splitIndexes(numSplits):end);
 end

example usage:

 >> v = [1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3];
 >> splits = getSplitVectors(v);

'splits' is a cell array, you can access each of the vectors with curly braces as follows:

 >> splits{1}
 ans =
      1     2     3     4
 >> splits{2}
 ans =
      1     2     3     4
 >> splits{3}
 ans =
      1     2     3

To get the counts of elements you could then do something like:

 >> counts = zeros(numel(splits), 1)
 >> for i=1:numel(counts)
 counts(i) = numel(splits{i})
 end

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Phil 2017-6-3

Of course, if all you require is the counts and you don't need to keep the split vectors, then all the information you need to do that is in 'splitIndexes'; you just need to take the difference between neighbouring elements. Pay special attention to the last count though.

Stephanie Diaz 2017-6-5