How to generate uniform random points with in a circle.

Question

Shweta Rajoria 2017-10-9

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https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/360361-how-to-generate-uniform-random-points-with-in-a-circle

回答： Moreno, M. 2022-3-20

I used "rand" function to generate uniform random points within the circle, but points generated by this code are not uniformly distributed. The code used by me is given below.So, is there any way to do so?? If any body know the answer please help me. Any suggestions will be appreciated. Thanks in advance.

Code:

% Create a random set of coordinates in a circle.

% First define parameters that define the number of points and the circle.

n = 400;

R = 20;

x0 = 0; % Center of the circle in the x direction.

y0 = 0; % Center of the circle in the y direction.

% Now create the set of points.

t = 2*pi*rand(n,1);

r = R*sqrt(rand(n,1));

x = x0 + r.*cos(t);

y = y0 + r.*sin(t);

% Now display our random set of points in a figure.

plot(x,y, 'o', 'MarkerSize', 5)

axis square;

grid on;

% Enlarge figure to full screen.

%set(gcf, 'units','normalized','outerposition',[0 0 1 1]);

fontSize = 30;

xlabel('X', 'FontSize', fontSize);

ylabel('Y', 'FontSize', fontSize);

title('Random Locations Within a Circle', 'FontSize', fontSize);

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Walter Roberson 2017-10-9

That code should distribute uniformly random by area.

Remember, "uniform random" does not mean "does not look like it has clusters or obvious open space". Humans see open areas and tend to say "Oh, it isn't uniformly randomly distributed" when it is.

It is like flipping a coin a million times in a row, seeing that at some point there was 15 Tails in a row, and saying "Oh, that's a huge gap, that isn't uniformly randomly distributed!" (indeed, you would expect to see about 17 to 21 Tails in a row if the coin was fair.)

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