You do not need any special license to publish any figure you created with MATLAB or any MATLAB code that you yourself created.
However, if you happen to be using a Student license or a Home license, then the license terms get a little complicated. In the case of a Student license, if the paper was not written as a "course-work requirement" then it would arguably fall outside of the limitations that Student licenses are to be used only for course work and not for "personal benefit" (advancing one's career is arguably a "personal benefit".)
If you happen to be in that situation, of using a Student or Home license to create material that will be published, then I recommend asking Mathworks for permission.
If you have an Academic or Standard (commercial) license then you do not need to ask Mathworks for permission: your rights to your own work are written right into the user agreement in those cases.
