How can I show variable index in a for loop?

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Javad
Javad 2018-3-15
编辑： Walter Roberson 2018-11-19
I have 100 matrices, name x1, x2, ..., x100. I want to do the below process for all 100 variables using a "for loop" (i=1:100). As an instance I have written this process for variable x1.
x1=mat2gray(squeeze(x1)); save ('x1.mat', 'x1'); imwrite(x1, 'x1.tiff'); figure, imshow('x1.tiff');
I kindly appreciate any suggestion.

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采纳的回答

Stephen23
Stephen23 2018-3-15
编辑：Stephen23 2018-3-16
"I have 100 matrices, name x1, x2, ..., x100. I want to do the below process for all 100 variables using a "for loop""
Accessing variables like that is how beginners force themselves into writing slow, complex, buggy code that is hard to debug. In 99.99% of cases it is trivial to avoid this situation, which then makes code faster, simpler, and easier to debug. You can read about the reasons why this is a slow and inefficient way to write code:
https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/304528-tutorial-why-variables-should-not-be-named-dynamically-eval
The most important question is: how did you get those variables into the workspace? The two most common ways that are by load-ing a .mat file directly into the workspace, or by magically defining variable names in a loop. Both of these are trivial to avoid, for example instead of load-ing directly into the workspace, simply load into a variable (which is a structure) and loop over its fieldnames:
S = load(...);
C = fieldnames(S);
for k = 1:numel(C)
S.(C{k})
end

更多回答（3 个）

Michelangelo Ricciulli
Hi there, a quick and dirty method could be using the eval function. First you define the variable name
var=['x' num2str(i)];
then you can write your entire command as a string
cmd=[var '=mat2gray(squeeze(' var ')); save (''' var '''.mat'', ''' var ''');']
Finally you can just run
eval(cmd);
By the way, the next time you could use just one 3d matrix, (e.g., x(:,:,i)) or a cell array.
  2 个评论
Stephen23
Stephen23 2018-3-15
编辑：Stephen23 2018-3-15
@Michelangelo Ricciulli: you could help teach other users how to avoid slow, complex, inefficient code practices with a bit more detail than just "use just one 3d matrix... or a cell array": how about telling them why. For example, show why the MATLAB documentation specifically recommends avoiding doing what you have written in your answer: "A frequent use of the eval function is to create sets of variables such as A1, A2, ..., An, but this approach does not use the array processing power of MATLAB and is not recommended. The preferred method is to store related data in a single array"
source: https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_prog/string-evaluation.html
@Javad: eval is what beginners use to force themselves into writing slow, complex, buggy code that is hard to debug. Expert users to do not use eval for trivially accessing variable names in a loop, but instead use indexing, which is simple, neat, and very efficient.
Michelangelo Ricciulli
Michelangelo Ricciulli 2018-3-15
Hi Stephen. I realized after I submitted the answer that it would have been probably better to start with a correct example and then, only after that, explain the "dirty" method for sake of completeness.

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ahmad mahmoodi
ahmad mahmoodi 2018-10-14
编辑：Walter Roberson 2018-10-14
Hello all,
How can I simply write a code like this:
function dT=Mesal(T,t)
n=100;
dT=zeros(n,1);
for i=1:n
if i==1
dT(i)=T(i);
elseif i==n
dT(i)=T(i-1);
else
dT(i)=T(i+1);
end
end
Thank you in advance.
  8 个评论
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ahmad mahmoodi
ahmad mahmoodi 2018-11-18
Hello Walter,
Thank you for your answer. It works but the results are not as expected. They will be dependent on "n" too much. for example if I define n=10 the output which is T(4) will converge to 60 and if I set "n" on 20, T(4) will converge to 120. n should just affect the precision of the output which should converge to 90 (T(4*1-1)).
I checked the coefficients many times and the problem is not with them because I ran my code with the same coefficients in another software and it perfectly worked.
Regards

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ahmad mahmoodi
ahmad mahmoodi 2018-11-19
编辑：ahmad mahmoodi 2018-11-19
This is the main code considering your comment:
function dT = Fb6(t, T)
c_p_grout=1500;
rho_grout=1460;
lambda_grout=1.5;
c_p_fluid=4183;
rho_fluid=997.6;
lambda_soil=2.51225;
lambda_fluid=0.5913;
m_dot=0.46;
L=300; %L and dL can be changed to have different n
dl=20;
n=L/dl+1;
dT=zeros(4*n,1);
d_b=0.2;
d_a=0.04;
d_i=d_a-2*0.0037;
d_s1=0.22;
d_z1=sqrt((d_b^2+d_s1^2)/2);
R_conv=0.00670;
R_cond_1=0.08568;
x=0.70275;
R_a=0.23701;
R_b=0.073;
R_g=4*R_b-R_conv-R_cond_1;
R_gg=1/((1/(R_a-R_conv-R_cond_1-x*R_g))-(1/(1-x)/R_g))*4;
R_fg=R_conv+R_cond_1+x*R_g;
R_gb=(1-x)*R_g;
R_gg1=R_gg;
R_gg2=R_gg1;
R_fgred=R_fg/2;
R_gbred_wo_soil=R_gb/2;
R_ggred_wo_soil=1/((2/R_gg1)+(2/R_gg2));
R_bz1=log(d_z1/d_b)/(2*pi*lambda_soil);
R_gbred=R_gbred_wo_soil+2*R_bz1;
R_ggred=1/((1/R_ggred_wo_soil)+(1/2/R_gbred_wo_soil)-(1/2/R_gbred));
C_fluid1=2*rho_fluid*c_p_fluid*pi/4*d_i^2*dl/2;
C_fluid2=2*rho_fluid*c_p_fluid*pi/4*d_i^2*dl;
C_g1=rho_grout*(pi/4)*((d_b^2/2)-(2*d_a^2))*c_p_grout*dl/2;
C_g2=rho_grout*(pi/4)*((d_b^2/2)-(2*d_a^2))*c_p_grout*dl;
T_b=15;
A=(-dl/2)*((1/C_g1*R_ggred)+(1/C_g1*R_gbred)+(1/C_g1*R_fgred));
B=(dl/2)*(1/C_g1*R_fgred);
C=(dl/2)*(1/C_g1*R_ggred);
D=(-dl/2)*((1/C_fluid1*R_fgred))-(m_dot*c_p_fluid/C_fluid1);
E=(m_dot*c_p_fluid/C_fluid1);
F=(dl/2)*(1/C_fluid1*R_fgred);
G=(dl/2)*(T_b/C_g1*R_gbred);
A1=(-dl)*((1/C_g2*R_ggred)+(1/C_g2*R_gbred)+(1/C_g2*R_fgred));
B1=(dl)*(1/C_g2*R_fgred);
C1=(dl)*(1/C_g2*R_ggred);
D1=(-dl)*((1/C_fluid2*R_fgred))-(m_dot*c_p_fluid/C_fluid2);
E1=(m_dot*c_p_fluid/C_fluid2);
F1=(dl)*(1/C_fluid2*R_fgred);
Gi=(dl)*(T_b/C_g2*R_gbred);
v4 =(4:4:(n-1))-4;
T(4*1-1)=90; %i == 1 case, must be done before 4*1-3 line v4 = (4:4:(n-1))-4
dT(4*1-3)=A*T(4*1-3)+B*T(4*1-1)+C*T(4*1-2)+G; %i == 1 case
dT(4*1-2)=A*T(4*1-2)+B*T(4*1)+C*T(4*1-3)+G; %i == 1 case
dT(4*1)=D*T(4*1)+E*T(4*1+4)+F*T(4*1-2); %i == 1 case
dT(4*2-3+v4)=A1*T(4*2-3+v4)+B1*T(4*2-1+v4)+C1*T(4*2-2+v4)+Gi;
dT(4*2-2+v4)=A1*T(4*2-2+v4)+B1*T(4*2+v4)+C1*T(4*2-3+v4)+Gi;
dT(4*2-1+v4)=D1*T(4*2-1+v4)+E1*T(4*2-5+v4)+F1*T(4*2-3+v4);
dT(4*2+v4)=D1*T(4*2+v4)+E*T(4*2+4+v4)+F1*T(4*2-2+v4);
dT(4*n-3)=A*T(4*n-3)+B*T(4*n-1)+C*T(4*n-2)+G; %i == n case
dT(4*n-2)=A*T(4*n-2)+B*T(4*n-1)+C*T(4*n-3)+G; %i == n case
dT(4*n-1)=D*T(4*n-1)+E*T(4*n-5)+F*T(4*n-3); %i == n case
end
and this is the code for solving it:
n=16; %from main code
T0(1:4*n,1)=15;
[t,T] = ode45(@Fb6,[0 10000],T0);
plot(t,T(:,4),'-o');
T(:,4) should converge to 90(T(4*1-1)) for different amounts of "n".

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