Undefined operator '==' for input arguments of type 'cell'.
The operator is not for cell. Therefore, you have to convert the cell type to matrix first. However, i'm not sure whether data.System or data.Hemisphere is cell type, or both are cell type.
try
if true
t = readtable('my_table.csv');
data = table2dataset(t);
M_L = data(cell2mat(data.System)=='M' & cell2mat(data.Hemisphere)=='L',:);
M_R = data(cell2mat(data.System)=='M' & cell2mat(data.Hemisphere)=='R',:);
end