Hi Garret,
To use surf(x,y,z), x, y and z should be matrices of the same size.Also, as you may know, the x, y and z are from the cartesian coordinate system. So, you would have to convert your cylindrical coordinates to cartesian coordinates.
>> surf(R.*cos(PHI), R.*sin(PHI), Z);
Refer to this MATLAB answer link to help yourself : https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/53954-how-do-you-create-a-surf-plot-in-cylindrical-coordinates