How to make a switch statement work for a matrix

I am trying to convert letters to numbers using the following switch algorithm:
switch grades
case {'A','a'}
GP = 4;
case {'B','b'}
GP = 3;
case {'C','c'}
GP = 2;
case {'D','d'}
GP = 1;
otherwise
GP = 0;
end
but my variable "grades" is a matrix with 16 characters and it's only returning an answer for one of the values when I run it through. How do I make it give me another matrix with the numbers for all the corresponding letters?

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