Nima - what is giving the error Not enough input arguments? How are you calling your function? If I just call it like
>> math_Derivative
either from the command line (like above) or from within a function, then I will observe the same error message... because I am not providing an input parameter. Since your math_Derivative function signature expects an input parameter, then you need to provide one like
>> y = math_Derivative(42);
In the above, the input parameter is 42 and the output of this function is assigned to the variable y. Even if this is the cause of the error and so is resolved, you may still have other problems with the code. For example,
Df = diff(Df,x);
What is Df? You are trying to make use of it before it has been initialized....Is this the Df from
f = inline('x * sin(x) - cos(x)','x');
Df = diff(f(x),x);
?