There are a few approaches to this, depending on what the server has installed/configured on it for remote access.
- You can use a tool like VNC server to start a VNC session on the Debian machine, connect via a VNC client, and run the installer (graphically) there. This assumes that VNC or another tool like it is installed there.
- You can use X Windows forwarding to forward the graphical installation to another machine. You will need to have something set up to run X Windows on the client machine, and set up X Window forwarding (usually ssh -X does it). This assumes that X is installed and running, and that you have a client program set up that will "recieve" the X windows.
- You can use the slient installer and answer file to install MATLAB unattended. See the documentation here
The first two are pretty much the same as running the regular install, with the couple extra steps of setting up X or VNC (or some other VNC-like tool). The third is more complex as you need to get the answer file correct, but it does run without graphics.
