Why does MATLAB error with "Unable to resolve name" when trying to use Python on a Linux machine?

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MathWorks Support Team
编辑： MathWorks Support Team 2023-11-16
On RHEL 6.5 Linux machine with Python 3.6.6 installed, I get the following error while using the "py.list" and "pyrun" command:
>> pyenv('Version', '/usr/local/pkg/python/3.6.6/bin/python3.6'); >> py.list({'hi'}) Unable to resolve name py.list. >> pyrun("print('Hello World')") Error using feval Unrecognized function or variable 'py.dict'.
My MATLAB "pyenv" looks like this and I notice that the "Library" field is empty:
>> pyenv Version: "3.6" Executable: "/usr/local/pkg/python/3.6.6/bin/python3.6" Library: "" Home: "/usr/local/pkg/python/3.6.6" Status: NotLoaded ExecutionMode: InProcess
 

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MathWorks Support Team
编辑：MathWorks Support Team 2023-11-16
On Linux and Mac systems, if the "Library" field is empty in the "pyenv" output, it indicates that Python was installed without the "--enable-shared" option. The Python installation was built without shared libraries enabled, so MATLAB cannot interact with CPython properly. According to this documentation, Python must be built using the "--enable-shared" option:
https://uk.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_external/install-supported-python-implementation.html#buialof-42
Please rebuild the Python executable using the "--enable-shared" option. This way MATLAB will be able to interact with Python through the shared library file, such as "libpython3.6.so.1.0".
After re-installation of Python with the build configured properly, the MATLAB Python Environment should look similar to:
>> pyenv Version: "3.6" Executable: "/usr/local/pkg/python/3.6.6/bin/python3.6" Library: "libpython3.6.so.1.0" Home: "/usr/local/pkg/python/3.6.6" Status: NotLoaded ExecutionMode: InProcess
Note that the "Library" field now contains the library information. And you should now be able to make calls to Python such as the following:
>> py.list({'hello', 'world'}) ans =      Python list with no properties.     ['hello', 'world']
 

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