Concatenate same fields in multiple structures in a loop using field names
显示 更早的评论
I have several .mat files and each is a structure with the same fields. For each field, I'd like to create an array that has the name of that field and is the concatenation of all structures with that field name. I can provide a psuedo-code, but not sure how to write it out for real:
firststruct has field names 'one' and 'two'
secondstruct has field names 'one' and 'two'
for i = 1:number of structure files I have (the .mat files)
get the field names
for j = 1:number of field names
'this would be the name of the first field (so 'one')' = this would create a vector that concatenates all .one fields;
'this would be the name of the second field (so 'two')' = this would create a vector that concatenates all .two fields;
end
end
To try to be clearer, if firststruct.one = [1,2] and secondstruct.one = [3,4], the result I'm hoping for is one = [1,2,3,4].
3 个评论
Stephen23
2020-5-26
"I'd like to create an array that has the name of that field ..."
Stephen23
2020-5-26
There are two possible situations:
1- you know all of the fieldnames in advance, in which case it is simple to explicitly allocate them to variables:
one = S.one;
two = S.two;
2- you don't know the fieldnames, in which case see previous comment. Note that having an unknown number of variables with unknown names in the workspace makes them difficult to process, increases the risk of bugs (e.g. overwriting a variable without any warning), and makes debugging difficult.
Personally I would just leave them in the structure: that little bit of extra typing makes the data easy to track and the code easy to maintain.
采纳的回答
Because all of the structures contain the same fieldnames they should be stored as one non-scalar structure:
>> S(1).one = [1,2];
>> S(1).two = NaN;
>> S(2).one = [3,4];
>> S(2).two = Inf;
Then the concatenation can be done in just a few lines:
>> C = struct2cell(S);
>> C = cellfun(@(c)[c{:}],num2cell(C,2:3),'uni',0);
>> Z = cell2struct(C,fieldnames(S),1);
>> Z.one
ans =
1 2 3 4
>> Z.two
ans =
NaN Inf
EDIT: to load multiple mat files, where each contains one structure of unknown name:
for k = 1:numel(...)
F = ... filename
T = struct2cell(load(F));
S(k) = T{1};
end
7 个评论
Daniel
2020-5-26
"My structures have different names."
Then you should fix this when they are loaded into MATLAB. There are several ways to achieve this, assuming that each mat file contains exactly one variable (i.e. one structure), e.g.:
for k = 1:numel(...)
F = ... filename
T = struct2cell(load(F));
S(k) = T{1};
end
Note that all of the structures must have exactly the same fieldnames.
In future keep in mind that processing multiple mat files is simpler when the variable names are the same in every file.
"but at some point I guess it's fastest just to go with the type heavy way"
That increases the risk of latent, almost undetectable errors in your data: consider what will happen if one of the files does not contain one of those variables (e.g. spelling error): the data from the previous iteration will be used and you will never know. Writing code assuming that data files are perfect is just asking for trouble...
"I'm doing this:"
What you wrote is pseudo-code: if the structure names are different (as you wrote) then you would also need to include some inefficient code to access each structure name dynamically, which also adds to complexity, increases the chance of bugs, and makes debugging harder. It probably isn't much less typing in the end either, perhaps even more than what I showed in my answer. Try it and see.
Daniel
2020-5-26
"I think I may have misled you .... but the structures are all named the same"
That is okay, the main thing is, that we get there in the end :)
"Since I'm looping through them, if one of them is different, the code will err"
Not with the code that you have shown here, it would just continue and use the previous loop iteration's data. But you can easily write it in a more robust way (by load-ing into an output variable, e.g. T):
D = 'absolute/relative path to where the files are saved';
S = dir(fullfile(D,'*.mat'));
for k = 1:numel(S)
T = load(S(k).name);
S(k).one = T.structurename.fieldone;
end
Note that if the filenames contain numbers then your code could easily load them (and concatenate them) in an unexpected order. You should also read about array preallocation:
更多回答（0 个）
类别
在 帮助中心 和 File Exchange 中查找有关 Loops and Conditional Statements 的更多信息
Translated by 
