Try this
x1 = -4:0.1:4;
y1 = sin(2*x1);
x2 = -0.4:0.01:0.4;
y2 = sin(20*x2);
f = figure();
ax1 = axes();
hold(ax1);
grid on
ax1.XLim = [-4 4];
ax1.YLim = [-1.5 1.5];
plot(x1, y1, 'r')
ax2 = axes('Position', ax1.Position);
hold(ax2);
ax2.Position = ax1.Position;
ax2.Color = 'none';
ax2.XAxis.Visible = 'off';
ax2.YAxis.Visible = 'off';
ax2.XLim = [-4 4];
ax2.YLim = [-1.5 1.5];
plot(x2, y2, 'b')